| Poverty is the common responsibility and severe challenge of countries around the world,and the historical problem which restricts the social and economic development of countries and regions.Dry pastoral areas,located on the north and west north of China,gather many ethnics.Due to the rural location,poor natural condition,implosive communications,fragile ecological environment,special history and culture,and weak economic foundation,these areas has multiple rural,strategic,ecological,ethnical and cultural features.Meanwhile,the complicated “ecological poverty”,“financial poverty”,“education poverty” and “science and technology poverty” in these areas increase the difficulty of poverty relief.These factors highlight the poverty problem of dry pastoral areas,and present special phenomenon different from other poverty areas.Under the appealing of president Xi to build moderately prosperous society,win the battle of anti-poverty and make sure all the poverty stricken areas and population step into the moderately prosperous society,study and solve the problem of poverty in dry pastoral areas is very significant when the poverty relief has step into sprint period.It can help to realize and grasp the disciplines of poverty relief in dry pastoral areas,enrich and improve theories of development and promote the practice of poverty relief in Chinese countryside.Besides,it is of great significance in the economic and social development,maintaining national unity and and stability in border areas,promoting regional social harmony and accelerating the establishment of moderately prosperous society.The present paper takes the methodologies of combing entirety and individual cases study,literature retrieval and filed investigation,quality and quantity analysis,and systematic and classified analysis,and proved the subject from multiple disciplines,levels and dimensions.Based on the field investigation in Siziwang Banner,the present paper builds its framework from the aspects of basic poverty condition,poverty factors,special features,poverty relief model and performance,and poverty alleviation strategies in dry pastoral areas.It contains fives parts.The first part if introduction,which introduces study background,significance,methodology,innovation and deficiencies,and builds the theoretical framework.The second part literature review,which is the theoretical basis of poverty alleviation in dry pastoral areas.The concepts of poverty and poverty relief are set and the poverty relief theories are concluded and evaluated in this part.The third part analysis the current condition of dry pastoral area in Siziwang Banner,from the aspects of poverty data,poverty relief and development process and achievements,and the specificity and heterogeneity compared to agriculture areas.The fourth part adopts ecological footprint model and evaluates per capita ecological footprint,bearing capacity and deficit in Siziwang Banner from 2006 to 2013,to master the social and economic sustainable development condition in recent years.Through the evaluation and analysis of main economic and social indexes,factors of poverty in this area are concluded: severe natural ecological condition,low population quality,single industrial structure,wear livestock husbandry foundation,population growth,increasing grass-livestock conflict and high expenditure of social undertakings etc.The fifth part,based on the poverty reasons of Siziwang Banner,puts forward poverty relief strategies and suggestions in this area,from the aspects of strengthening ecological environment protection and ability of resisting natural disasters,improving population quality through education,transferring economic growth mode,promoting infrastructure construction and rewarding policy of ecological protection,accelerating ecological migration to relieve grass-livestock conflict,and carrying out poverty relief and development accurately. |
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