| The ecological environment and location of Hexi Corridor area determine its critical position in the layout of national ecological structure.This corridor almost includes allkinds oflandforms on earth except for the sea.It is the only way for the Central Plains to Central Asia and West Asia.It has always attracted many tourists and has great development potential and economic value.However,no matter tourism activities,or development and construction,they will allhave an impact on the ecological system of tourism destinationsundoubtedly.In order to reduce the impact of tourism development on the ecology and ensure that the process of development and construction be both harmonious and ecological to environmental protection,ecological risk analysis is of great importance before the development of Hexi area.This paper first analyzes the research field and progress of ecological risk at home and abroad,the background and concept of the research on ecological risk of tourism development,the identification of the source of ecological risk and the end of ecological risk,the framework and method model of ecological risk evaluation,etc.The existing studies are evaluated and prospected based on the topics above.Based on the analysis of ecological risk sources and ecological effects of tourism development in Hexi Corridor,the evaluation model of ecological risk of tourism development is constructed by three dimensions of landscape risk,biological risk and environmental risk through AHP analytic hierarchy process,and determined the weight of each index;secondly,using fuzzy comprehensive analysis method to calculate the ecological risk of tourism development in Hexi Corridor.The results show that:(1)From the fuzzy evaluation results of various indicators affiliated with “environmental risk”,the highest risk probability is 0.2250,the higher risk probability is 0.3958,the general risk probability is 0.1928,the lower risk probability is 0.1349,and the lowest risk probability is 0.0507.According to the principle of maximum degree of membership,the tourism development in the Hexi area has a higher risk to the environment.Among them,the weights of "solid pollution,gas pollution,water pollution,noise pollution,soil pollution" are 0.3793,0.1780,0.2565,0.0764 and 0.1098 respectively.Therefore,tourism development brings the highest solid pollution to the Hexi area,followed by water pollution,and pollution of gas,soil and noise are arranged in order.(2)From the fuzzy evaluation results of various indicators affiliated with “biological risk”,the highest risk probability is 0.2126,the higher risk probability is 0.3332,the general risk probability is 0.2687,the lower risk probability is 0.1436,and the lowest risk probability is 0.0427.According to the principle of maximum degree of membership,the tourism development in the Hexi area has a higher risk to the biological.Among them,the weights of "the decline of vegetation coverage,the destruction of biodiversity,and the invasion of exotic plants and plants" are 0.5285,0.3336 and 0.1379 respectively.Therefore,tourism development brings the highest decline of vegetation coverage to the Hexi area,followed by the destruction of biodiversity and the invasion of exotic animals and plants are arranged in order.(3)From the fuzzy evaluation results of various indicators affiliated with “landscape risk”,the highest risk is 0.2390,the higher risk is 0.3954,the general risk is 0.2118,the lower risk is 0.1181,and the low risk probability is 0.0360.According to the principle of maximum degree of membership,the level of risk caused by tourism development in the Hexi area for landscape is “higher risk”.Among them,the weights of the indicators “Landscape Land Use,Habitat Fragmentation,Land Sand Landification,Landscape Urbanization,Grassland Degradation,Soil and Water Loss” are 0.3108,0.2113,0.1560,0.1080,0.1063,and 0.1077 respectively.It can be seen that the tourism development in the Hexi area will bring higher risks to landscape land use and pattern changes and land sandification.The urbanization of landscapes,grassland area degradation and the proportion of water and soil erosion weights are almost the same.(4)From the weights of the secondary indicators “environmental risk,biological risk,and landscape risk”(1.5980,0.2720,and 0.1299),the impact of tourism development on the environment is more serious than that on biology and landscape.From the perspective of the weight ratio of the three indicators to the total indicators,solid pollution accounts for the highest weighted ratio of 0.2268,followed by water pollution 0.1534,vegetation coverage 0.1438,gas pollution 0.1064,biodiversity damage 0.0908,soil pollution 0.0657,Noise pollution 0.0457,landscape land use 0.0404,alien animal and plant invasion 0.0375,habitat fragmentation 0.0275,land sandification 0.0203,soil and water loss 0.0140 and landscape urbanization 0.0140,grassland area degradation 0.0138.The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation value of ecological risk of tourism development in Hexi area is 3.066.Based on the relevant research,the ecological risk state is divided into five grades,they are high risk,higher risk,general risk,lower risk and low risk.According to the classification criteria of each grade value,the ecological risk caused by tourism development in Hexi area is in the state of the second level---" higher risk".Finally,through the data analysis,they constructed the Hexi area tourism development ecological risk management and control mechanism from the ecological risk management and control mechanism,the ecological risk management and control assessment mechanism and the ecological risk management mechanism. |
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