The Study On Farmers’ Choosing Behavior And Influencing Factors Of Self-mechanical Operation And Employment Service

Agricultural mechanization is one of the important contents of agricultural modernization,and it is also an important indicator of agricultural modernization.In recent years,with the increase of non-agricultural employment opportunities and income levels,farmers have gradually reduced the input of labor and time in agricultural production,and increased the demand for agricultural machinery to replace the reduction of labor and time.Farmers can achieve agricultural mechanized production in two ways: one is to purchase their own agricultural machinery and realize self-mechanical operation;the other is to hire social services.Clarifying the differences between farmers’ choice behaviors will help determine the focus of agricultural support policies and promote the sustainable development of agricultural mechanization.Based on the field survey data,this paper explores the behavior and influencing factors of farmers’ self-mechanical operation and employment service.Firstly,by describing the basic situation of the sample and the development of agricultural mechanization in the surveyed area,this article analyzes the planting patterns and the use of machinery adopted by farmers in different production processes.Secondly,this article makes the comparative analysis between the differences in self-mechanical operation and employment services.Finally,by constructing multinomial logistic model,this article analyzes the factors affect farmers’ self-employment and employment service selection behaviors,and then put forward policy recommendations.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)There are significant differences in the level of rice mechanization under different production processes.In the sample area,the mechanization level of the cultivating link was the highest,reaching 92.64%;followed by the harvesting link,the mechanization level was 87.29%;the mechanization level of the transplanting link was the lowest,only 0.19%.From the realization of agricultural mechanization,the proportion of self-mechanical operation and employment services is quite similar in the tillage sector,while the proportion of employment services in the harvesting sector is much higher than the proportion of self-mechanical operation.Farmer households generally own tillage machinery and few have harvesting machinery.(2)There are various factors that affect the farmers’ self-mechanical operation and employment services,the householder is female,older,has a long schooling period,is in poor health,cold soaking field and is vulnerable to use machinery,these farmers tend to choose employment services that acquires less labor-intensive and save labor rather than self-mechanical operation.Non-agricultural wage rates are high,have agricultural machinery,hilly paddy fields,and machines are difficult to reach,these farmers tend to adopt self-mechanical operation rather than employment services.Based on the above conclusions,this paper believes that different mechanization development strategies should be adopted according to local conditions;strengthen the construction of farmland infrastructure and improve the operating environment of agricultural machinery;improve the quality of existing farmer households,and cultivate new professional farmers.