Micromechanism And Model Selection Of The Exiting Of Rural Homestead From The Perspective Of Farmer’s Behavior

In recent years,with the rapid development of urbanization and the increasing number of migrant workers in cities,there has been a phenomenon of low land use rate and serious waste of land in rural areas.It is very important to improve the efficiency of rural land use through the reform of rural homestead system.Optimizing the exit mode of the homestead on the premise of taking into account the behavior of farmers has become the key to the smooth implementation of the reform of the safeguard system.Based on theoretical knowledge such as farmer behavior and stakeholders,the research framework system was constructed.587 valid data were obtained from 63 villages in seven cities of Shandong Province by in-depth interviews and questionnaires.The basic characteristics of farmers and the exit situation of homesteads were analyzed.The binary logistic analysis method and the grey relational analysis method are used to describe the rural home base exit willingness model and the rural homestead exit mode selection model.From the aspects of individual characteristics,family status,living conditions and farmers’ cognition,the formation mechanism of the exit intention and exit mode selection of different types of farm households is deeply analyzed.According to the analysis results,the existing homestead exit mode is optimized and corresponding policy recommendations are put forward.The main research contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)According to the statistics obtained,the proportion of agricultural households who are willing to withdraw from rural housing sites is significantly lower than that of both part-time farmers and non-agricultural farmers.The reasons are mainly related to the income sources and income levels of farmers and households.Farmers who are willing to withdraw from rural housing sites have a relatively stable family income source and a high income level.They are less dependent on the security function and capital function of rural housing sites.Farmers are not satisfied with the existing living environment in rural areas.So it is easier to accept new policies and yearning for urban life.(2)Among the active farmers who are willing to withdraw from the rural housing sites in the existing exit mode,the number of people choosing the “housing compensation”model and the “monetary compensation” model is large.Which kind of homestead exit mode the farmer chooses is mainly related to the value of the homestead resources and its own family conditions and needs.Usually,farmers with low homestead values or high family support factors will choose the “housing compensation” model,farmers who have already bought houses in town or have no housing pressure will choose “monetarycompensation” model,farmers with idle homestead or high value of homestead will choose the exit mode of "housing + housing" or "housing + currency" according to whether they can buy houses for their children and offspring and their economic needs after meeting the basic housing needs.(3)Through the analysis of the behavior choice of the negative farmers,we know that the main reasons for their unwillingness to withdraw from the rural homestead are that the cost of living after the exit of the homestead has become higher,the exit mode of the homestead is not perfect,the farmers have no understanding of the exit policy of the homestead,and they hope to maintain the existing living conditions.Based on the compensation of the medical,pension,education and employment that the farmers hope to obtain after the exit of the homestead,this paper optimizes the existing homestead exit mode by adding the conditions of providing basic social security on the basis of four basic withdrawal modes.(4)Based on the analysis of the willingness to exit of different types of farmers and the selection and optimization results of the farmer’s home exit mode,suggestions on the implementation of the rural homestead exit policy are carried out from the two aspects of improving farmers’ policy perception and improving the exit mechanism of the homestead.For example,strengthen the promotion of rural homestead exit policy,increase the participation of farmers in the process of exiting the homestead,consider fairness and difference,optimize the exit mode and exit process,improve the social security system and strengthen the construction of supporting infrastructure,strengthen the comprehensive management of the exit of the homestead and establish a supervision system,etc.