Measuring And Analyzing Technical Efficiency Of Chinese Cotton Production

Cotton is one of the most important economic crops after grain crops in our country.Cotton production is related to the overall distribution of agriculture,the economic development of cotton area and the income of farmers,which is of great strategic significance to the national economy of our country.However,in recent years,problems such as rising cotton production costs,unstable cotton market prices,tight supply of high-quality cotton and low-quality cotton backlog have led to high levels of dependence on cotton imports.Finally,it will affect the sustainable production of cotton and the balance of supply and demand of cotton.To promote the supply-side structural reform of cotton has become a scientific policy of cotton production and trade and the establishment of a new spatial structure of cotton production.First and foremost.However,the only way to stabilize and improve the supply capacity of cotton is to improve the technical efficiency of cotton production continuously and effectively under the condition that the cultivated land area of our country shows a downward trend.The purpose of this paper is to measure the technical efficiency of cotton production in 15 main cotton production provinces in China and analyze the temporal and spatial differences and the decomposition of comprehensive technical efficiency from the perspective of input and output of cotton.On this basis,the factors affecting the technical efficiency of cotton are studied in order to find an effective way to improve the technical efficiency of cotton production in China,and to provide a train of thought for the stable development of cotton industry.The research framework is divided into two parts,the first part mainly adopts the method of statistical description,on the basis of the general situation analysis of the input factors and the output factors of the cotton,the DEA-Malmquist method is applied,Analysis on the technical efficiency of the input-output data of 15 cotton-producing provinces in China from 2001 to 2016.The second part,on the basis of the measure of the technical efficiency,further adopts the fixed effect model to analyze the influencing factors of the efficiency of the cotton production technology.The conclusions are drawn as follows:(1)From the input-output perspective,2001-2016 The cotton production seed seedling input,chemical fertilizer and pesticide input,mechanical work input and labor input all showed a steady upward trend,but the cotton yield per unit area fluctuated greatly,among which the cotton yield per unit area in the Yangtze River Basin was the largest.The variation range of cotton yield per unit in northwest inland cotton area is the smallest,the proportion and trend of cotton production input and output change deviate from each other,the cotton production has redundancy of input factor,unreasonable allocation of input factor and low level of technical management.There are big differences between actual cotton production scale and optimal cotton production scale.(2)from the point of view of space-time difference of cotton production technical efficiency,the comprehensive cotton production techniques in China are discussed.The operation efficiency,pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency showed a fluctuating downward trend on the time series.There are differences in the variation of cotton production technical efficiency among the three major cotton areas,and the fluctuation range of comprehensive technical efficiency is relatively small in the northwest inland cotton area and the Yellow River valley cotton area.(3)from the perspective of decomposition of comprehensive technical efficiency of cotton production,the efficiency of cotton production scale contributed greatly to the comprehensive technical efficiency of cotton production from 2001 to 2004.From 2004 to 2016,the pure technical efficiency of cotton production greatly contributed to the comprehensive technical efficiency of cotton production;Rationality of allocation of input elements in Northwest Inland Cotton area The appropriate scale is lower than that of the Yellow River and the cotton area of the Yangtze River basin;There is a great difference between the provinces in the Yellow River basin in the rational allocation of input factors and the appropriate scale.(4)from the perspective of the factors affecting the technical efficiency of cotton production,among the many influencing factors of the technical efficiency of cotton production,there are many factors affecting the technical efficiency of cotton production.The area of cotton planting,the level of urbanization and the investment of fixed assets in rural areas have a negative impact on the technical efficiency of cotton production,and the effective irrigated area of cotton,Farmers’ education level and rural residents’disposable income have positive influence on cotton production technical efficiency.In view of this,this paper attempts to put forward targeted measures from the following four aspects,scientific and reasonable allocation of production input factors;implementation of regional differentiated planting measures;reasonable selection of cotton planting scale to improve the level of department management;We will strengthen the construction of rural public infrastructure and vocational skills training for farmers.