A Study On Comparison Of The Efficiency Of Agricultural Machinery Service Organizations In Jiangsu Province Based On Transaction Cost Theory

The transition from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture has entered a mature period in China,and the realization of agricultural modernization depends on the comprehensive development of agricultural mechanization.With the acceleration of industrialization and urban-rural integration,on the one hand,a large number of rural labor transfer,especially many young labor force flow out;on the other hand,the implementation of the family-contract responsibility system leads to land fragmentation,but agricultural mechanization needs to form a certain scale of land.In order to adapt to the changes of market and environment,various forms of agricultural service organizations come into being to meet the practical needs of farmers and to solve the contradiction between small-scale production and large-scale agricultural machinery.But there are many diversified forms of agricultural machinery service organizations in the social service market of agricultural machinery,in this background,this paper aims to study which form of agricultural machinery service organizations is relatively efficient under the influence of various factors.Firstly,this paper analyzes the research background and significance,describes the domestic and foreign research status of agricultural service organizations in detail.The situation of much land and few people in foreign developed countries determines that there are all large-scale farms,and it leads to that foreign agricultural service organizations research focused on less developed regions in Asia and put emphases on the formation and development of the organization,status quo,countermeasures and experience.The study of organization efficiency mainly uses DEA method,moreover,the efficiency of agricultural service organizations are few.These deficiencies are the research space.Secondly,it defines the relevant concepts and introduces the four main forms of service organizations in Jiangsu Province,also describes two basic theories in detail:transaction cost theory and organizational structure theory.Thirdly,this paper puts forward the evolution process of agricultural machinery service organization through the analysis of the evolution of agricultural machinery socialization service system,and analyzes four forms of organizations:agricultural cooperatives,agricultural cooperative associations,self service plus external service and agricultural service company of development status and organization structures to lay the foundation for the comparison of organization efficiency.Then,based on transaction cost theory,it studies organization efficiency level of the four forms of organizations using "comparative analysis" method that Williamson proposed and transaction cost classification that Dahlman proposed.The main idea is to judge the organization efficiency through comparing the transaction cost of different forms of organization in the process of providing services.On the one hand,it analyzes factors which affect information search cost,negotiation and decision cost,contract cost,supervision cost,execution cost and switching cost,on the other hand,it analyzes the transaction cost of four service organizations in different situations according to various factors.Finally,this paper uses case studies to support the results on the basis of theoretical analysis,and puts forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions from the perspective of the development of the organization and the government to reduce transaction costs and improve organization efficiency.