Study On Temporal And Spatial Evolution Of Tourism Investment Environment In The Five Provinces And Autonomous Regions Of Northwest China Under The Background Of "The Belt And Road"

In September 2013,General Secretary Xi Jinping put forward the concept of“ Silk Road Economic Belt ” in his speech at the Nazarbayev University in Kazakhstan.The “Belt and Road” is a road to cooperation and mutual benefit that promotes common development along the line of countries(regions)and achieves common prosperity.The tourism investment environment refers to the sum of various objective conditions for the tourist destination to accept or attract foreign investors to conduct investment operations and obtain income in their regions.Improving the tourism investment environment is an important prerequisite for enhancing tourism competitiveness and scientific integration into the “ Belt and Road ”.The five northwestern provinces and regions are an important part of the “Belt and Road”.The article builds a tourism investment environment assessment index system based on the actual situation of the five northwestern provinces,using the analytic hierarchy process,the Fishbine-Rosenberg model and GIS-ESDA.The method is to study the spatial and temporal evolution of the tourism investment environment in the five northwestern provinces in 2012-2016.The results show that:(1)In terms of time series,the ranking of tourism investment environment from high to low is Shaanxi,Xinjiang,Gansu,Qinghai and Ningxia.(2)From the point of view of local autocorrelation,the spatial change of tourism investment environment shows three kinds of agglomeration characteristics:high-low,low-high and low-low from east to west,of which Shaanxi is mainly in the "high-low" agglomeration with obvious polarization characteristics;Xinjiang,Gansu and Qinghai are mainly characterized by "low-low" agglomeration,showing a low-speed growth trend,and the optimization rate of Tourism investment environment.Ningxia is a transitional area with the characteristics of "low-high" agglomeration,and the tourism investment environment needs to be further improved.From the global autocorrelation performance from "one high(Shaanxi)one middle(new)three low(Gansu,Ningxia and Qinghai)" to "one high(Shaanxi)three middle(new Qinghai and Gansu)one low(Ningxia)",it shows that the provincial and regional differences in tourism investment environment in the five northwest provinces are gradually narrowing.(3)The main factors affecting the tourism investment environment in the five northwest provinces and regions are the ecological environment,tourism development environment,economic environment,infrastructure environment and social service environment.(4)In order to further promote the optimization of tourism investment environment in the five northwest provinces and regions,we should actively develop high-end eco-tourism and promote the sustainable improvement of ecological environment;strengthen economic construction and optimize industrial structure so as to consolidate the basis of tourism investment environment;improve infrastructure construction,improve tourism reception capacity and tourism traffic accessibility;and implement talent development strategy to create good tourism.Talents introduction and training service environment;further strengthen provincial and regional cooperation,scientific and effective integration into the Silk Road Economic Belt;at the same time,earnestly implement the "Tourism Law" to provide legal protection for tourism investment environment.