Research On The Approaches And Countermeasures Of Rural Poverty Governance

Rural poverty governance is an important issue in the rural work of China.Since the reform and opening up,China has made remarkable achievements in poverty governance.With China's economic growth and the implementation of the targeted poverty alleviation strategy,the number of poor people in China's rural areas has dropped from 250 million in 1987 to 16.6 million in 2018.Although the number of rural poor has dropped significantly,the problem of poverty alleviation in the rural poor is still not optimistic,and the population that is not out of poverty is a deeply poor group.In recent years,our country has put forward the strategy of targeted poverty alleviation which requires all the impoverished people to be lifted out of poverty by 2020.With the continuous development of the country's social economy and the joint efforts of the whole nation,it is possible for the income of all the existing poverty-stricken people to reach above the poverty line.However,how to prevent the emergence of new poverty-stricken people,how to prevent the poverty-stricken people from returning to poverty and how to governance relative poverty are still important issues in rural poverty governance.From the perspective of multidimensional poverty,this thesis adopts the tracking survey data of 409 peasant households(including 43 non-poor households)from 74 villages in 17 towns in Lishu county,Siping city from 2016 to 2018 to measure and decompose the multidimensional poverty index of peasant households by the Alkire--Foster "double-boundary" method on the basis of a large number of domestic and foreign studies of poverty governance.Afterwards,this thesis uses the multivariate linear regression model to empirically analyze the influencing factors of the multivariate poverty degree.According to the multidimensional poverty changes of farmers,this thesis analyzes the effects of poverty alleviation measures,findsout the deficiencies in the process of current poverty governance and puts forward main approaches to improvement,countermeasures and suggestions finally.The main conclusions are shown as follows: First,According to the calculation results of the multidimensional poverty index,the multidimensional poverty incidence rate of the sample households before poverty alleviation in Lishu county is 83.13%,and the multidimensional poverty index is 0.3815.Compared with the existing literature research,the multidimensional poverty situation of the peasant households in Lishu county is obviously higher.Second,the multidimensional poverty is reflected in both impoverished households and non-impoverished households.In this study,the multidimensional poverty index of 14 non-impoverished households is higher than the standard index of poor households.Third,the education level of the household head,the family income level of off-farm work and farmers' participation in the endowment insurance have significant negative impacts on the multidimensional poverty level of farmers.Fourth,targeted poverty alleviation resulting in the multidimensional poverty index(MPI)of the sample households is 0.2263,a decrease of 40.68%.Under the action of two-year poverty alleviation measures,the multidimensional poverty status of the sample farmers has been significantly improved only in medical insurance and living standard,but not in other aspects.Fifth,in the way of improving poverty governance,we also need to pay special attention to the input of farmers' education,survival ability and social security.According to the research conclusion of this thesis,the future rural poverty governance needs to be further strengthened in the following aspects.First,according to the multidimensional poverty state,we shoulf adopt the classified management countermeasures.Simply improving income and living environment cannot effectively alleviate poverty.Second,it is to increase the level of hematopoietic poverty alleviation by increasing investment in education,strengthening skills training and information technology models.Third,the social security system and the awareness of filial piety should be perfected.