Research On The Impact Of Grain Land Management Scale On Grain Production Efficiency

With the rapid growth of population,the rapid erosion of cultivated land and the rigid constraint of water resources,food security has restricted China's economic and social development.Improving grain production efficiency has become an important measure to ensure China's food security and promote the development of agricultural modernization.At the same time,under the background of agricultural modernization,urbanization,industrialization and informatization,Moderate scale operation has become an inevitable trend in the development of modern agriculture.So does scale operation affect productive efficiency? How large scale is the appropriate scale? How does the scale of grain land affect the efficiency of grain production? Why? The solution to these problems is of great significance to China's food security and to find the best scale of agricultural operation.There are still many controversies.The impact of large-scale grain production on grain production efficiency is worthy of academic attention.Therefore,taking Lankao County as an example,based on the data of the third national census of agriculture,this paper studies the scale of grain land management,grain production efficiency and the impact of grain land management scale on grain production efficiency.First,based on the analysis of relevant literature at home and abroad,the relevant concepts such as grain land,grain land operation scale and grain production efficiency are defined.Secondly,The influence of grain land management scale on grain production efficiency is analyzed theoretically.Thirdly,the DEA model is used to calculate the grain production efficiency of different regions and scales in Lankao County.Finally,with the grain land management scale as the core explanatory variable and the calculated grain production efficiency as the explained variable,the cross-sectional threshold model is used to analyze the impact of different grain land management scale on grain production efficiency.The following conclusions are drawn:(1)Theoretical analysis shows that with the increase of the scale of agricultural operation,marginal output is not always increasing.Only within a certain scale,the increase of input of productive factors can increase marginal output,and when the scale of production expands to a certain point,the marginal output will reach the maximum.There is a downward trend in marginal output.Therefore,there is not a simple linear relationship between the scale of grain operation and grain production efficiency of farmers,but an appropriate range and an optimal value.Therefore,this study believes that there is a threshold effect of grain and land management scale on grain production efficiency.Expanding grain and land management scale in a certain range has a positive effect on the improvement of production efficiency,but when the scale of production factors exceeds a certain level,the positive effect will reverse and the production efficiency will decline.(2)The empirical analysis of Lankao County in Henan province shows that the comprehensive efficiency value of all the towns in Lankao County is above 0.990 and close to 1.The level of grain production efficiency is generally high,but there are still differences,and there is still some room for improvement.The grain production efficiency value of farmers with different scale is higher;There is a non-linear relationship between grain and land management scale and grain production efficiency.With the expansion of farmers' grain and land management scale,grain production efficiency shows a crest change,that is,a "U" shape in stages.(3)The scale of grain production has obvious threshold effect on grain production efficiency.The negative effect and positive effect of U-type change trend appeared before and after the first threshold value of 1.7 mu.After the second thresholds 3.1 mu,the grain production efficiency increased rapidly with the enlargement of the scale of grain production.But over 70 mu,although the scale of grain production has been expanding,the efficiency of grain production has continued to increase,but its increase has slowed down.It shows that the direction and degree of the impact of the scale of grain land management on grain production efficiency in different intervals are different.It further indicates that for small and medium-sized farmers,agricultural operation scale is small and returns to scale are increasing.With the proper expansion of grain operation scale,grain production efficiency can be greatly improved,grain output can be increased and farmers' income can be increased.For large-scale farmers,the scale of grain and land has been expanded to some extent.However,due to the large scale of agricultural production,increased costs and unreasonable resource allocation,the potential of land is not given full play,resulting in the phenomenon of resource waste,which reduces the rising trend of production efficiency and easily leads to the phenomenon of "scale and inefficiency".(4)In the analysis of influencing factors,for the control variables,the age factor in the personal characteristics of the head of household has a significant positive effect on the food production efficiency.For the input of production factors in the characteristics of the family,the increase in the amount of fertilizer application and the input of pesticides obviously hindered the improvement of food production efficiency.The increase in labor input has significantly improved the efficiency of food production.The education level of household heads,the level of agricultural mechanization,technical training and the proportion of non-agricultural income have no obvious effect on food production efficiency.