| Crude oil pipeline external transportation is of great significance for energy strategic safety.The amount of crude oil pipeline external transportation in China is large.With the continuous development of oilfield,the energy consumption of pipeline external transportation is greatly increased,and the economy and safety of pipeline are crucial.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the optimal operation of crude oil pipeline external transportation system and carry out dynamic protection simulation of accident conditions for the optimized operation scheme.In this paper,according to the actual operation of crude oil pipeline external transportation system,the thermodynamic and hydraulic analysis model of the crude oil pipeline external transportation system and the energy efficiency model of station equipment are established,and the model is corrected by combining the physical parameters of crude oil,the basic information data of pipelines and stations,and the historical operation data.By comparison,the error of the total heat transfer coefficient of each section of the crude oil pipeline external transportation system is less than 4.31% after correction,and the error of the hydraulic friction coefficient of each section is less than 6.89% after correction.The error of the energy efficiency model of the heating furnace in each station is less than 3.952%,and the error of the energy efficiency model of the oil pump is less than 3.959%.The error of each model is small,which can meet the practical application.Through the analysis of the thermal and hydraulic influencing factors of each pipe section,it can be seen that the temperature drop of oil transported by pipeline in each pipe section will gradually decrease with the increase of ambient temperature,the increase of mass transport volume and the decrease of starting oil temperature.The pressure drop of oil transported by pipeline in each pipe section will gradually increase with the decrease of volume transport volume and the increase of starting pressure.The operation energy consumption optimization model of crude oil pipeline external transportation system is established with the total energy consumption cost of crude oil pipeline external transportation system as the objective function.The dynamic programming method is used to optimize the transportation scheme,and the transportation scheme with the lowest total energy consumption cost under the current transportation volume is selected as the optimization calculation result.The influencing factors of the energy consumption cost of each oil transportation station are analyzed,and it can be seen that the total energy consumption cost of the oil transportation station will increase with the increase of the transportation volume and the transportation oil temperature,and decrease with the decrease of the transportation volume and the transportation oil temperature.Based on the above optimization algorithm,the energy consumption optimization software of crude oil pipeline external transportation system is developed.The software can determine the station yard transportation parameters and equipment operation combination that minimize the total energy consumption cost of crude oil pipeline external transportation system,and reduce the overall energy consumption of the transportation system.Combined with the actual situation of the oil transportation station of the crude oil pipeline external transportation system,the optimized production and operation scheme is selected,and the SPS simulation standard model of the crude oil pipeline external transportation system is established and the steady-state maximum safety transportation volume is simulated.The SPS dynamic simulation is carried out for three main water hammer conditions,including power outage of pumping station,ESD valve accident shutdown of inlet and outlet station and pipeline cut-off valve accident shutdown.The pressure simulation results of three accident conditions are obtained.In order to avoid accidents such as pipeline negative pressure,the corresponding water hammer protection strategies are put forward for each condition.Each control and protection strategy is implemented in sequence,and the whole pipeline system will not be accident. |
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