A Comparative Study On Export Competitiveness And Its Influencing Factors Of Scientific Instruments Of China And The United States

In order to get rid of the technical constraints of the United States,China should focus on strengthening the international competitiveness of high-tech products.Based on the relevant literature and theories,this paper studies the export competitiveness of scientific instruments in China and the United States from the perspective of high-tech products.This paper firstly compares and analyzes the export status of scientific instruments in China and the United States,and calculates the export competitiveness of scientific instruments in China and the United States by using the spider web model.In order to study the factors influencing the export competitiveness of scientific instruments in China and the United States,this paper selected the export competitiveness of scientific instruments as the dependent variable,and the level of education,R&D,FDI,labor productivity and the intensity of the protection of intellectual property rights as the independent variables,and uses the method of multiple regression analysis to research on China and the United States respectively.The empirical study finds out that both of the level of education and intellectual property protection intensity of the United States have significant positive impact on the export competitiveness of scientific instruments,and the level of R&D has significant inhibitory effect on it.What’s more,both of the level of education and FDI in China have significant positive impact on the export competitiveness of its scientific instruments,but the level of labor productivity has a significant inhibitory effect on it.Furthermore,the results are explained through the influence mechanism:the improvement of education level in both China and the United States is conducive to the introduction of talents,so as to improve the technology and management level of the enterprises related to scientific instruments,thus enhancing the export competitiveness of scientific instruments;In the United States,the increase of the intensity of the protection of intellectual property rights can strengthen scientific instrument technology monopoly advantage,so as to enhance its export competitiveness,however,the enhancement of R&D investment does not bring aboutthe improvement of export competitiveness of scientific instruments,which is probably related to the relatively small proportion of R&D investment in the field of scientific instruments,which weakens the enthusiasm of technological innovation of corresponding enterprises and their ability to make technological breakthroughs,thus inhibiting the export competitiveness of scientific instruments;In China,the increase of FDI has technology spillover effect,which enables the technology of science instruments to make progress,so as to enhance the export competitiveness.However,the high level of labor productivity brings about the problem of homogeneity production,which leads to the decline of scientific instruments technical complexity and technical innovation,thus inhibiting the scientific instruments export competitiveness of our country.Finally,this paper,which based on the main research conclusions,puts forward some related policy suggestions on how to improve the export competitiveness of scientific instruments in China.