| Population aging has become a serious problem of global development,and the health status of the elderly has been paid more and more attention.In 2015,WHO proposed an integrated medical care system centered on the elderly.In 2016,China put forward the Healthy China Strategy,and the promotion of healthy aging has become one of the important social issues in China.Therefore,the combination of medical treatment and health care has become an important approach to the health and retirement of the elderly in China,indicating that high-quality hospital environment is increasingly important for the elderly.At present,the design of general hospital for aging is mainly focused on the research of architectural space and indoor environment,while the research of outdoor landscape design related to it is not much.Rehabilitation landscape plays an important role in promoting physical and mental health,but its theoretical research results and application methods need to be further strengthened in the construction of hospital outdoor environment.How to optimize the existing medical outdoor landscape environment,create a comfortable and pleasant space environment for the elderly,and provide reference for the construction of rehabilitation landscape for aging in general hospitals in the future is a problem that needs to be studied at present.In this study,qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis in postevaluation theory were used to construct a grading system for rehabilitation landscape suitable for aging in general hospitals.Firstly,guided by the theory of aging fitness,rehabilitation landscape and post-use evaluation,and using literature review method,field investigation method,data statistical analysis method and analysis induction method,11 evaluation dimensions were summarized from relevant design specifications and indoor environment assessment tools for the elderly with dementia:Cognitive orientation,safety,privacy,personalization,noise and lighting(physical environment),social environment,outdoor space,activity design,sensory stimulation,autonomy,life continuation,and then summarize the existing evaluation dimensions of rehabilitation landscape.Including sensory environment,use function,comfort and openness and diversity of space environment,plant landscape,horticultural therapy,accessibility design,conservation and management,etc.Then,questionnaires were sent to experts to determine the five criteria level and 27 scheme level indexes of this study by AHP,and a post-use evaluation model for rehabilitation landscape suitable for aging was constructed.Finally,in order to verify the feasibility of the evaluation method,the Second Affiliated Hospital of the University of South China(New Hospital)with large green space and high research value was selected as the research object.Through analysis,the results show that the evaluation result of suitable rehabilitation landscape for aging in the Second Affiliated Hospital of the University of South China(New Hospital)is 3.6317,which is between medium and good.Through the analysis of the results of each index,it is found that the appropriate level of the rehabilitation landscape planning for the outdoor environment of the hospital needs to be strengthened,mainly including the following aspects:(1)the rehabilitation landscape space:insufficient private space,single space function,etc.;(2)Traffic planning:mixed traffic between people and vehicles,single signage system design,non-circular layout of park roads and incomplete accessibility design;(3)Rehabilitation and health care function: there is no gardening operation,and fitness facilities are far away;(4)Rehabilitation landscape element level: the landscape environment is good,but too popular,lack of rehabilitation landscape connotation;(5)Maintenance management level:need to strengthen greening maintenance,timely replacement planting,etc.In view of the existing deficiencies,the design principles and key points of rehabilitation landscape for the aged were put forward in order to meet the needs of the outdoor environment for the aged in the general hospital and to promote the physical and mental health of the aged.Finally,the main conclusions of this study are summarized,and the prospects for the future research on rehabilitation landscape for aging in general hospitals are proposed based on the shortcomings of this study. |
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