| As the fertility rate declines and life expectancy increases,the global aging problem is becoming increasingly serious.At present,China has entered an aging society at the fastest rate in history and has become the country with the largest number of elderly people.In order to cope with the various contradictions and problems in the process of population aging,the state has introduced various policies to develop elderly care services,and gradually formed an elderly care service system centered on community home care.Community home care has become the central place for the elderly to live in their later years.The optimization of outdoor public spaces for the elderly is an essential part of constructing a livable environment for the elderly,but has significant room for improvement.Non-developed communities lack the guidance of relevant technical specifications during their preliminary planning and design.Outdoor public spaces generally have issues such as insufficient site facilities,disorganized pedestrian design,single-function activities space,non-compliant disabled and accessibility facilities,which has a negative impact on their physical and mental health,greatly reducing their enthusiasm for outdoor activities.However,the design theories and construction experience of the current existing community living environments for the elderly are mostly concentrated on the architectural design,which has resulted in certain deficiencies in the scope of application and the depth of content.The thesis systematically identifies the specific physiological and psychological characteristics of the elderly and their spatial needs through field surveys,questionnaire interviews,and analyzes the elderly’s outdoor activities behavior-demand-spatial environment.The aim of this paper is to put forward suggestions on the optimal design for the adaptability of outdoor public space in the community to provide references for future research,focusing on the contradiction between the behavioral activity needs of the elderly and the status quo of outdoor public spaces.The thesis takes Longta Street,Yubei District,Chongqing City as the research scope,and takes the elderly as the main research body to discuss the optimal design strategy for the adaptability of community outdoor public spaces.We have investigated the outdoor activities behavior characteristics and space needs of the elderly in Longta Street.Through field research combined with questionnaire interviews,different types of elderly people are summarized from the basic profile of the elderly,travel conditions,outdoor activities,temporal and spatial distribution characteristics,etc.The characteristics of human outdoor activities,and statistics of the satisfaction evaluation and space needs of the elderly for the current outdoor public space.Studies have found suggests that the elderly generally have high frequency and diverse outdoor activities,strong lifestyle regularity and a layered distribution in space.The outdoor public space has many negative impacts that affect outdoor activities,not sufficiently elderly-orientated;at the same time,for the lively and open,there are certain hard paving,auxiliary facilities,high accessibility,and the existence of a beautiful outdoor activity venue Preference.On this basis,a survey of the status quo of the suitability of the outdoor public space in the community was carried out: at the spatial layout level,the spatial distribution of the outdoor activity space and the life service facilities in the street community and the walkability were analyzed;at the environmental design level,through Observation of behavior obtains the behavior characteristics of the elderly in the specific environment,divides the outdoor public space of the community into comprehensive activity venues,dedicated activity venues and linear traffic spaces,and summarizes the existing elderly-orientated problems in the current space.Based on the above research,a design strategy for optimizing the ageability of the outdoor public space in Longta Street community is proposed in view of the existing problems.It is carried out at two levels of spatial layout and environmental design.It proposes systematic ageing optimization measures from five specific aspects: circle-layered layout,complex site function,spatial elderly-orientated design,plant greening configuration,and diversified facility configuration.And using the industrial and peasant communities to carry out an empirical study on the optimal design of suitability for aging. |
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