| The regional cultural heritage landscape is a spatial product formed on the environmental level that reflects human cultural behavior.It is a geographical unit of the regional cultural system,reflects the geographical unit characteristics of the area,and continues and inherits the economic and social culture of the area in a certain historical period.Characteristics are different from other regional cultural morphological representations.Dikengyuan settlement is the most unique and typical settlement cultural heritage landscape on the Loess Plateau.It is rooted in the regional culture of the Loess Plateau based on the ecological concept of harmony and nature.The cultural function is one of the regional cultural heritages of Chinese Huaxia culture.With the social and economic development,a large number of pit yards are facing the dilemma of being abandoned and eliminated.The precious cultural heritage landscape resources on the Loess Plateau are facing the risk of degradation and disappearance,and the historical continuity and landscape integrity are continuously damaged.At present,there is an urgent need to discover and excavate the cultural heritage landscape of the pit courtyard from a deep level,and restore and continue the historical context of the cultural heritage of the Loess Plateau.Since 1990,led by the trends of humanism and structuralism,it has entered the stage of "cultural turn" in the study of regional culture using existentialism and phenomenological methodology.At this stage,the study of landscape characteristics and values of traditional settlements is one of the hot spots of cultural geography,and it is also an important breakthrough in the study of regional cultural research.The application of genetic concepts in biology to the study of regional cultural landscape genes has become an important theoretical method commonly used in settlement landscape research.Therefore,from the perspective of landscape genes,this paper takes the Loess Plateau as a research area,takes the typical pit courtyard settlement as the research object,and takes the villages of Baijiapo and Baishe in Weibei,Shaanxi,and Miaoshang village in Sanmenxia,western Henan.7 typical pit courtyard settlements in Nangou Village and Beiying Village and Zhangdian Village and Dongpingtou Village in Yuncheng District of Jinnan were taken as samples.By analyzing the genetic heritage landscape genes of typical pit courtyard settlements,their heritage landscape genes were revealed Arrange and combine to get the genetic map of the cultural heritage landscape of the Loess Plateau.It mainly adopts the literature analysis method,field investigation method and landscape gene identification method to provide a perspective and ideas for the continuation and development of the cultural heritage landscape of the pit courtyard settlement on the Loess Plateau from the theoretical and practical level.The main conclusions of the paper are:1.Based on the landscape gene identification method,gene identification and extraction of seven typical pit courtyard settlement cultural heritage landscapes on the Loess Plateau were carried out,and three major landscape characteristics were identified: cultural environment characteristic genes,settlement layout characteristic genes,and residential building characteristic genes.Gene:(1)Judging from the characteristics of the cultural and geographical environment,the location and pattern of the settlement of the pit courtyard mostly conforms to the geographical feng shui philosophy of “building a city with ease”,and extends to the cultural heritage landscape of the residential landscape of the settlement with a “house”,The plane form with the meaning of Jifu and the spatial layout under the rules of etiquette.(2)In terms of the morphological characteristics of the settlement layout,the settlement space layout mainly includes three types of settlement layout characteristics: scattered point settlement,belt-type pit courtyard settlement and group-type pit courtyard settlement.The characteristic gene of the settlement layout of the pit courtyard presents the ecological concept of conforming to the natural terrain and the harmony between man and nature in the spatial layout form.(3)In terms of the characteristics of residential buildings,the combination of different courtyard structures reveals the landscape characteristic genes of the settlement area and grade,and reflects the social and economic status of the owners of the courtyard.The main public buildings mainly include six types of clan buildings,religious buildings,transportation post roads and ancient blocks,ancient city ruins and celebrities’ former residences.Through the research on the above three types of gene types of the cultural heritage landscape of the pit courtyards in the Loess Plateau,it is analyzed that "Jifu" culture is the regional cultural characteristic on the cognitive level of the pit courtyard settlements in the Loess Plateau,and the farming culture is the pit courtyard settlement in the Loess Plateau Regional cultural characteristics on the materialization level.2.According to the extraction of the cultural heritage landscape gene identification results,four types of maps of the cultural heritage landscape on the Loess Plateau were constructed: genetic information map,spatial sequence map,courtyard pattern map and arrangement pattern map.(1)Take the settlement of Dikengyuan in Waitaipo village as an example,the genetic information map and spatial sequence map of(single)settlement were constructed.According to the "meta-chain-shape" model of cultural heritage landscape genes,the genetic information map is constructed.It can be seen that the village has a double-four-way Jifu environmental structure heritage gene;from the spatial sequence map,it can be seen that the overall layout of the village is based on the spatial sequence map.The highlands are close to the water,presenting the site selection pattern of "negative yin and yang".(2)The courtyard pattern map and arrangement pattern map were constructed according to the(group)pit courtyard settlement.The courtyard patterns of the pit courtyard settlement are mainly divided into: single courtyard style,double courtyard style and underground street style.There are five types of arrangement modes: traffic and commerce,military defense,patriarchal ritual,closed centripetal,and arrangement along the axis.Through the analysis of the above four categories of maps,it is proposed to realize the genetic reproduction of the cultural heritage landscape of the pit pit in the Loess Plateau based on the "meta-chain-shaped" model,and advocates the protection from a microscopic perspective on the premise of completely presenting the "jifu" space "vein" The "gene element" of the cultural heritage landscape of the Dikengyuan settlement.Secondly,under the premise of protection,the “gene chain” constituted by the heritage “Gifu” map units should be repaired.Finally,establish a "genetic form" of cultural heritage landscape on the premise of satisfying the tourism experience.From the theoretical and practical level,it restores and presents the "jifu" cultural space in the pit courtyard. |
PDF Full Text Request