Research On Legal Issues Of China’s Energy Security Under Unilateral US Sanctions

Energy security concerns national strategic security and economic security.At present,petrochemical resources occupy the core position in the world’s consumption structure,and China’s energy resources rely heavily on imports.The United States withdrew from the Iran Nuclear Agreement and imposed unilateral sanctions on major energy producing countries,aggravating the turmoil in the international energy market and threatening China’s energy security.The impact of unilateral US sanctions on China’s energy security is highlighted in three aspects: energy investment,energy transportation and energy price.U.S.unilateral sanctions affecting the energy sector is a gradual process.In fact,its implementation is mainly based on its domestic general laws,namely,the Trading with the Enemy Act and the International Emergency Economic Power Act,the Iran-Libya Sanctions Act,and subsequent sanctions acts.Under the background of unilateral sanctions imposed by the United States,there are many problems in China’s international energy security legal system.In terms of energy investment security,China has yet to enact the Anti-Sanctions Law to provide legal basis for taking corresponding measures.The obstacles to bilateral and multilateral cooperation in international investment are mainly manifested in the unsound legal system of energy producing countries,the lack of a diversified international monetary system and the difficulties faced by WTO dispute settlement mechanism.In terms of international energy transportation,China’s energy transportation security legal system lacks corresponding risk early warning mechanism,regional cooperation,especially China,Japan and South Korea,which have common interests is insufficient,and China’s energy transportation international cooperation strategy lacks flexibility.In terms of international energy prices,the formation mechanism of international energy prices under the control of US dollars increases the risk of energy security.As the main body of transnational energy activities,China’s state-owned energy enterprises have a lack of governance structure.China’s energy reserve legal system is not yet complete,especially the top-level legal system design and the distribution of related rights and obligations.In view of the above-mentioned legal problems in energy security,corresponding countermeasures are put forward to promote the legislative process of China’s anti-sanction law.At the same time,bilateral cooperation with energy producing countries should be strengthened.Countermeasures should be taken by using the WTO dispute settlement mechanism,the illegality of unilateral U.S.sanctions should beconfirmed by the United Nations,and the improper expansion of U.S.power should be limited by the pressure of international public opinion.In addition,China’s international energy strategy will be adjusted through the "the belt and road initiative" initiative,a new normal for diversified international energy supply channels will be established,and an international energy transportation security system will be established,actively participate in the competition for the right to speak in the international energy pricing system,accelerate the reform of China’s energy state-owned enterprises to a more market-oriented direction,and gradually improve China’s energy reserve legal security system to cope with the drastic changes in the international energy market.