Study On The Influence Mechanism And Countermeasures Of Population Policy On Consumption Structure

Population policy is an important public policy to regulate and guide a country’s population development,so as to achieve certain economic and social development goals.In recent years,China’s population has been growing,but the consumption rate of Chinese residents is far lower than that of developed countries such as the United States,Japan,the United Kingdom and other developing countries such as Russia,Brazil and India.This phenomenon has attracted great attention of our government,and the discussion of its occurrence mechanism has become a hot topic in academic circles.Although some scholars have made preliminary research on this issue from the perspective of population quantity and population structure,the specific mechanism is still not completely clear.As we all know,As we all know,the consumption structure of residents is the consumption habit and consumption ability of the public,which is shown by different population structure of a country as a whole.Therefore,the change of population structure has become an important factor affecting the consumption structure of residents in a country.At the same time,population policy will have an important impact on population structure.Therefore,this paper puts forward the basic hypothesis that population policy may play an important role in regulating the impact of population structure on the consumption structure of residents,and then through the analysis of empirical data,taking population structure as the independent variable and population policy as the adjustment variable,discusses how population policy affects the consumption structure by influencing population structure.The results are as follows:First,the impact of population structure on consumption structure: from the quantitative structure of population and the quality structure of population.The results of the impact of population natural structure on consumption structure show that the weak position of women is gradually changing,but the impact on consumption is still weaker than that of men;the change of the proportion of the population aged 15-64 has a positive impact on all expenditures,indicating that the growth of the labor population can fully promote all aspects of consumption;the change of the proportion of the population aged 0-14 has an impact on food,household equipment and supplies and clothing consumption.The positive correlation shows that the level of family investment in children is growing,especially in food,supplies and clothing.It shows that the proportion of children’s consumption level in family consumption is increasing in recent years.The results show that the impact of population quality structure on consumption structure shows that the education years do have a significant impact on the consumption structure,and each of them has a significant impact on the consumption structure.The coefficients of this item in the model are all positive,which fully reflects that when the quality of population changes,the consumption structure will also change with it.The rise of the quality of population can obviously drive the improvement of the income level,so that the consumption level of all aspects will be improved.Second,the role of population policy in the impact of population structure on consumption structure: the results of the impact of population policy on the natural structure of population show that after the introduction of the two child policy,the consumption of 0-14-year-old population does have a regulatory role,mainly reflected in the consumption of clothing,household equipment,culture,education and entertainment.After getting the results of empirical analysis,four suggestions are put forward to optimize China’s population policy: to enhance the guidance for the development of population quality;to enhance the willingness to bear;to protect fertility;to enhance the research capacity of population policy.