Design And Practice Of STEAM Teaching Activities In Lower Grades Of Primary School

STEM education originated from the United States at first,and evolved into STEAM education,STREAM education and so on.On the basis of the original Science,Technology,Engineer and Mathematics,humanities(Art),Reading,Writing and so on were added.Since 2016,STEAM education has developed rapidly in China and gradually gained the attention of the government,academic circles and parents.However,in the practice of basic education,the concept of STEAM education has not been well implemented.In order to solve this problem,this study selects the lower grade primary school students in G province as the research object,takes Chinese traditional culture as the teaching content,and comprehensively uses various research methods such as literature research,classroom video coding analysis and classroom video observation to find out the strategies to solve the problem from the perspective of STEAM teaching activity design.Based on the above-mentioned research problems and research methods,this paper has made three researches:(1)Clarify the relationship among science,technology,engineering,humanities and mathematics in STEAM education.(2)The construction of the design framework of2)STEAM teaching activities.This paper expounds the characteristics of STEAM teaching activity design from seven aspects: goal design,task design,teacher-student relationship,task design,problem design,environment design and evaluation design,and constructs the framework of STEAM teaching activity design.Through this framework,effective STEAM classroom teaching activities are designed and carried out in the lower grades of primary schools in order to achieve the training goal of STEAM education.(3)Practical application of STEAM teaching activity design.In this paper,the design of STEAM teaching activities is applied in practice,and seven STEAM classes in lower grades of primary schools are analyzed by means of classroom video coding analysis and classroom video observation,and whether the teaching activities have reached the training goal of STEAM is evaluated.The research results are as follows:(1)By sorting out relevant books and documents at home and abroad,the research status of STEAM education and teaching activity design is analyzed,and the theoretical basis of this research is clarified.Teaching activities,as an effective organizational form of STEAM teaching implementation,are an important research direction for the effective implementation of STEAM educational philosophy in practice.(2)Analyze the relationships among various disciplines of STEAM education,analyze STEAM teaching activities from the perspective of activity theory,and build a framework of STEAM teaching activities design from seven aspects: goal design,content design,teacher-student relationship,task design,problem design,environment design and evaluation design.Guided by the goal design of teaching activities,the content is transformed into a series of tasks,and the tasks are connected in series by question chain.The relationship between teachers and students and physical environment are the basic conditions for teaching,and the evaluation of teaching activities is used as the standard to measure whether the goals are achieved or not.(3)Design and apply STEAM teaching activities in practice,and comprehensively utilize classroom video coding analysis and classroom video observation methods to evaluate five dimensions of teaching activities,such as teacher behavior,teacher language,student behavior,student language and silence,and make evaluation,reflection and improvement in teaching implementation.Finally,this paper summarizes and looks forward to the above research process,and reflects on the shortcomings of the research,hoping that the STEAM education concept can be implemented in the practice of basic education in China in the future,play a greater role,and train more outstanding talents.