A Study Of Alien Foreign Words In The Late Qing Dynasty And The Early Republic Of China

The period between the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China(1840-1919)reached a climax of the introduction of loanwords in the History of Chinese Vocabulary.Because of the different sources and translation methods of loanwords,a large number of special-shaped loanwords with different forms but the same reference or meaning were produced in this period.In the academic research on the special-shaped loanwords,there are few systematic studies that focuse on the special-shaped loanwords in a particular historical period.This paper,guided by the theory of lexicology,features the synchronic research,which focus on the special period of the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China and uses the method of combining explanation and description,so as to study the special-shaped loanwords that introducted into Chinese during this period.This paper first systematically expounds the background of the topic,defines the special-shaped loanwords,introduces the research status of the special-shaped loanwords,and analyzes the achievements and shortcomings of the research on the special-shaped loanwords in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China.Next,after establishing a good theoretical basis and research methods,this paper first use the "Modern Chinese Neologism Etymology Dictionary" to select all the special-shaped loanwords which appeared in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China,then use "Modern Ciyuan" as the main part and "Xinhua Dictionary of Loanwords" as the auxiliary to make further screening and supplement,from which,forming the special-shaped loanwords corpora in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China.Based on the corpora,this paper classifies these special-shaped loanwords into three different types: source,translation and borrowing method and semantic category,statistics the number of these three types,presents the overall appearance of the special-shaped loanwords in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China,and analyzes the causes and characteristics of special-shaped loanwords in this period on the basis of the clear data.Finally,from a diachronic point of view,this paper investigates the retention of these special-shaped loanwords in modern Chinese,and discusses the selection law and sinicization law of special-shaped loanwords in this period.On this basis,it concludes that the elimination and selection of special-shaped loanwords in Chinese Vocabulary System is a necessary step to complete the Chinesization.