| The subject of the "?" sentence is definite in Chinese but English passive sentences not;The predicate verbs of both are transitive verbs,independent verbs,polyvalent verbs and disposition verbs,rather than state verbs,enabling verbs,mental verbs,relational verbs,willing verbs and other less dynamic verbs,but the predicate verb of “?” is usually followed by an additional component,which makes "?" sentences very dynamic sentences,however,English marked passive sentences do not need additional components and are less dynamic,which makes they more applicable;Both of them have consequential meaning,but the consequential meaning of the “?” sentences are stronger than that of most of English marked passive sentences;In addition,the“?” sentences also have negative meaning which English marked passive sentences do not have,these differences in syntax and the meanings of sentence patterns limit the translation of English marked passive sentences into Chinese.The reasons why English passive sentences can be translated by the"?"sentences in Chinese are as follows:the subject,predicate component?agent?the meanings of sentence pattern of English marked passive sentences all conform to the characteristic of Chinese“?”sentences.English passive sentences can not be translated by Chinese passive sentences:Chinese unmarked passive sentences?(2)non-subject sentences?(3)the“??”sentences?(4)the“??”sentences?(5)the“??”sentences?(6)the“?”sentences?(7)the“?……?”sentences.When the subject have no biotic meaning and the agent is lurking,and the sentence pattern does not have negative meaning,it needs to be translated into unmarked sentence.When the predicate component is weak dynamic,the event expressed does not happen,and the sentence structure does not have negative meaning and the consequential meaning is weak,it needs to be translated into non-subject sentence,When other conditions are the same,but the predicate verb can be noun,it can be translated into the“??”sentence.When the predicate element expresses a positive meaning and the predicate verb can be noun,it can to be translated into the“??”sentence.When it expresses an attitude towards the future behavior that has not yet occurred,and it does not have negative meaning,it needs to be translated into“??”sentence.When it expresses the emphasis on the subject of the action implementation,and does not have negative meaning,it can to be translated into the“?”sentence.When its function is to expresses the position information of the action,the time and place of the action and the passive meaning is weak,so it can to be translated as the“?……?”??However,native English speakers who do not understand the difference between Chinese and English passive sentences will make corresponding errors. |
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