A Practical Study Of Group Work On The Improvement Of Self-efficacy Among The Elderly Who Lost Their Only Child In Urban Areas

Self-efficacy for the elderly who lose their independence refers to a degree of self-confidence of individuals in dealing with challenges in different fields or facing new things in a social environment.Too low level of self-efficacy will not only affect the quality of life of the elderly,individual subjective well-being,personal health behavior,but also have an important impact on the elder's mental health and even disease recovery.Our country's family planning social policy has suppressed population growth to a certain extent,and at the same time,with the death of only children,it has also greatly contributed to the formation of families who have lost the only child in our country.With the growth of aging,these old people who lost their soles face not only a series of realistic dilemmas such as old-age care and empty nests,but also mental health problems such as declining self-efficacy and gradual loss of self-confidence in life,plus the country The assistance to the elderly who have lost their independence is mostly reflected in the material level.It is urgent to help the elderly solve their psychological dilemmas and provide spiritual support,especially to improve the level of self-efficacy.This study takes the elderly who have lost their independence in the Y Street of Changsha City as the research object.Based on the institution's project of caring for the elderly who have lost their independence,the self-efficacy of the elderly in this street is investigated by literature analysis,questionnaire surveys,observations and interviews.After analyzing the reasons for the lack of self-efficacy of the elderly who have lost their independence,they finally sum up the four aspects of the needs of the elderly who have lost their independence: increase their experience of success,change their self-cognition;manage their negative emotions,and awaken positive emotions;Support and encouragement from others,increase social interaction;take a correct view of physical aging and maintain a healthy life.Based on the problems and needs of the elderly who have lost their independence,this research is guided by the theory of social learning and social support to formulate a group activity plan and recruit 8 eligible elderly people who have lost their independence to form a correct self-awareness and wake up the elderly who have lost their independence.Seven group activities were carried out with the goal of emotions,expanding the scope of interpersonal communication,and changing life attitudes.Finally,according to the results of the comparison of preand post-tests,interviews and satisfaction surveys,the self-efficacy level of group members has improved to a certain extent after the group's intervention.