| In 2018,the Ministry of Education issued the Curriculum Standards for General High School Geography(2017 Edition),which clearly put forward the four essential core qualities of geography for high school students.Regional cognitive literacy,as an important component,is not only an inherent requirement for learning geography knowledge,but also an inevitable requirement for promoting students' development.Regional cognitive ability,as the external manifestation of regional cognitive accomplishment,is one of the essential basic abilities for learning geographical knowledge and also an important examination point in the college entrance examination.The geography test paper of the college entrance examination has always been a research hotspot in the academic world.Previous scholars mainly studied the geography test paper of the college entrance examination from the perspectives of the difficulty of the test paper,the type of the question and the proportion of the score,etc.,but few studies analyzed the new curriculum paper of the college entrance examination from the perspective of regional cognitive ability.It is of great significance to explore the characteristics of regional cognitive ability in the geography examination of college entrance examination,analyze the problems and deficiencies of regional cognitive ability of students in combination with the typical answers of students,and put forward teaching suggestions to cultivate students' regional cognitive ability,which will promote the development of students' regional cognitive literacy.Based on the domestic and foreign scholars' research on regional cognitive ability,combined with the domestic scholars' research progress on the geography exam of college entrance examination,this paper firstly defines the core concepts of regional cognition,regional cognitive literacy and regional cognitive ability,selects scientific research methods,and determines the theoretical basis of educational evaluation.Using literature research,statistical analysis,typical analysis,combining the theory of education evaluation theory,bruner's cognitive structure and the theory of multiple intelligences Gardner,first of all,from the cognitive subject test score and the proportion of,paper materials present form,examining regional spatial scale,examines specific knowledge and specific skills,such as Angle,Analysis of the regional cognitive ability test characteristics of the new curriculum standard paper of college entrance examination from 2016 to 2020.Secondly,representative typical questions were selected and distributed to senior high school geography students in four high schools including Jinan University Town Experimental Middle School.By analyzing their typical answers,the deficiencies in regional cognitive ability of senior high school students were obtained.Based on this,targeted teaching suggestions were put forward,and the following conclusions were drawn:(1)Through the analysis of the characteristics of regional cognitive ability in the new curriculum standard paper of the National College Entrance Examination from 2016 to 2020,it is found that regional cognitive ability has always been an important examination point in the geography examination of the National College Entrance Examination,and the examination score and proportion are both large.Among them,regional feature analysis ability is the specific ability with the largest proportion in the examination in the recent five years.The form of regional cognitive ability test is mainly the combination of pictures and pictures,and the spatial scale of the test is mostly small and medium-sized scale regions at home and abroad.In the aspect of examining the specific ability of regional cognition,the ability of regional spatial orientation is seldom examined in the new curriculum standard papers in the past five years,but as the basis of regional cognitive ability,it often plays a summarizing role in the whole topic.The ability of regional feature analysis is the most specific ability tested in the new curriculum standard papers in recent five years,and it is the core ability of regional cognition.The evaluation and prediction ability of regional development,as the end-result of regional cognitive ability,is often tested in the last question of the question,which is also the promotion of regional cognitive ability.(2)through the analysis of the typical sample volume of students,students mainly exist the following problems: the low ability to small scale area,small scale area is the main area cognitive subject test scale,the area is often students have never seen a strange area,part of the students for not master the methods of localization,and causes the positioning errors occurring.The analysis of regional natural features and humanistic features is not comprehensive enough.The analysis of regional features is the main knowledge point for the examination of regional cognitive ability.Regional features mainly include two aspects of nature and humanities,which contain many knowledge points,and students often miss the situation.The condition of regional development is a summary of the favorable and unfavorable factors of a region based on the analysis of regional characteristics and current situation of regional development.Students only see the surface characteristics of a region,but fail to dig into the essential characteristics,which leads to insufficient in-depth analysis of the condition of regional development.Evaluation and prediction ability of regional development is the end-result of regional cognitive ability,and is also an important embodiment of the core accomplishment of human-earth coordination view.When students answer such questions,they cannot correctly predict the future development direction of the region because they do not thoroughly analyze the regional characteristics and development conditions.(3)In view of the deficiencies of students' regional cognitive ability in the process of answering typical questions and the characteristics of regional cognitive ability in the geography examination of college entrance examination,the following teaching strategies are proposed in combination with high school geography teaching: First of all,we should pay attention to the application of all kinds of geographical charts in teaching.Map is the most important tool of geography.In daily teaching,we should pay attention to the cultivation of students' awareness of reading maps and ability of recognizing maps,and train students' ability of regional spatial positioning with examples.Secondly,the comprehensive thinking of geography is used to analyze regional characteristics comprehensively and systematically,so as to improve students' ability to compare regional differences.Through case teaching,select representative and typical regions to guide students to analyze regional characteristics,so that students can acquire the ability to analyze regional development conditions and solve problems in the analysis of real cases.Finally,combining with the concept of human-land coordination and sustainable development,the paper scientifically evaluates the current situation of regional development and predicts the future development direction. |
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