| Throughout the history of the development of the discipline of geography,it can be found that most of the knowledge of geography comes from the induction and summary of various geographical elements in daily life.On the basis of the induction and summarization,we think about the differences of various regions,so as to obtain geographical laws and principles.The earth's surface is the research object of geography,and the regions with different landscapes are the destination and ultimate meaning of geography research.From this perspective,regional geography is the starting point of geography,and regionality is one of the most prominent features of the discipline of geography.The general high school geography curriculum standard(2017 edition)lists regional cognition as one of the four core competencies of high school geography,which is implemented throughout learning,guiding students to analyze and understand the geographical environment and its relationship with human activities from the perspective of difference.The connection between teaching and examination,the college entrance examination is a selective test to test students' learning achievements,and analyzing the characteristics of the new college entrance examination papers on regional cognition will help improve the efficiency of high school geography teaching and examination preparation and review.On the basis of systematic review of the theoretical research and practice of regional cognitive literacy at home and abroad,this paper takes 18 sets of new college entrance examination geography volumes from 2020 to 2021 in Hainan,Zhejiang and other provinces and cities as the research object,and adopts the methods of literature analysis,statistical analysis,comparative research method and other methods to conduct a detailed analysis from the aspects of regional cognitive test question scores and knowledge points,performance carriers,level levels,ability types,and regional scales,and summarizes the characteristics of regional cognition in the new college entrance examination geography paper.According to the characteristics of the test questions,the corresponding teaching inspiration for cultivating students' regional cognition is extracted.Through the analysis of the test papers,this paper draws the following conclusions:(1)The regional cognitive test score is high,and it occupies an important position in the new college entrance examination geography paper.The content is comprehensive,and the score of physical geography is slightly higher than that of human geography.In the statistics of secondary knowledge,the most examined physical geography is the shaping of the surface form,followed by the integrity and difference of the natural geographical environment;the human geography examines the formation and development of agricultural regional types and the formation and development of industrial regional types;the hot spots of regional sustainable development are the comprehensive development and utilization of regional resources,geographical environment and regional development.(2)The geographic images of the new college entrance examination papers are rich and diverse,and emphasis is placed on examining students' ability to extract information from graphic materials.Since regional cognition tends to occur in a specific region,among the six geographic imagery,regional maps appear the most,especially small-scale regional maps,and the examination methods are flexible and changeable.(3)The level of regional cognition in the geography paper of the new college entrance examination is basically consistent with the requirements of the "New Curriculum Standard".All four levels are examined,and the proportion of each level is significantly different,showing a gradual change from level 1 to level 3.Up,level 4 begins to decline,the score of level 1 and level 2 is not more than 20%,and the score of level 3 and level is the highest.(4)The New College Entrance Examination Geography Paper is a comprehensive test of regional cognitive ability,and has carried out a comprehensive test on students.The examination of regional exploration ability and regional characteristic analysis ability is the most prominent,which is conducive to stimulating students' information retrieval and integration functions,and encourages students to understand the intrinsic nature and movement laws of objective things.(5)There are significant differences in the regional scale of the new college entrance examination geography paper.Geography questions are often asked based on a certain spatial scale background.Among the large,medium and small scale areas,the small scale area is the most important examination background,emphasizing the specificity of the local area;the frequency of the mesoscale area is also higher;Large-scale areas only appear in individual exam papers.Combined with the examination characteristics of regional cognition in the new college entrance examination geography volume,this paper draws the following teaching enlightenment for cultivating regional cognition:(1)Teaching should arrange staged content according to students' learning situation and teaching progress,grasp the level of knowledge,and proceed step by step.(2)Cultivate students' geographic image skills,guide students to dig deep into image information,improve their ability to read,use and draw maps,and simplify complexities.(3)By setting various geographical situations and open tasks,realize the joint cultivation of various abilities,enrich the types of regional cognitive abilities,and promote the all-round development of students.(4)Using typical small-scale area examples as material carriers,help students to apply the knowledge they have learned from the macro level to the actual area. |
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