A Study On The Influencing Factors Of The Transition Of Retired Track And Field Athletes In Sichuan Province

Research Objectives:The transition of retired athletes has always been a hot topic in academic research.Track and field athletes,as one of the main bodies of competitive sports,is also an important symbol to measure the level of a country's competitive sports,and is hailed as"the mother of sports".Sichuan track and field occupies a very important part of the sports cause in our country,and has trained many outstanding athletes,who have made great contributions to the track and field cause in our country.Their transformation has attracted wide attention from all walks of life.Up to now,Sichuan Provincial Sports Bureau has issued relevant policies on the transition of retired athletes,and achieved some results.However,due to the increasingly severe employment situation in China,the number of retired athletes is increasing year by year,leading to the transformation status of retired athletes is not optimistic.Therefore,this study takes the current situation of the transition of retired track and field athletes in Sichuan Province as the entry point,analyzes the factors affecting the transition of retired track and field athletes in Sichuan Province,and puts forward corresponding suggestions to promote the sustainable development of competitive sports in Sichuan Province and even the country.Research Methods:This paper mainly adopts literature method,interview method,questionnaire survey method,mathematical statistics method,factor analysis and other research methods.The retired athletes of track and field events in the Track and Field Management Center of Sichuan Vocational Sports College from 2012 to 2019 were investigated and analyzed.The research results are as follows:1.There are two main ways for retired track and field athletes in Sichuan province to choose their jobs,namely,organization placement and independent job selection,among which independent job selection has become the main way for retired track and field athletes;Retired athletes in track and field have low awareness of retirement,little understanding of relevant policies,and dependence psychology in retirement transition.The main career types of retired athletes in track and field are:government and public institutions,professional and technical personnel,commercial and service personnel,entering colleges and universities for study,and others.The overall income level of retired track and field athletes after the transition is not high,and the income in the lower middle is more.2.There are significant differences in the transformation of retired track and field athletes from different backgrounds:different sports items:?~2=21.668,P=0.003<0.05;different sports grades:?~2=36.749,P=0.000<0.05;different sports achievements:?~2=43.797,P=0.000<0.05;different education levels:?~2=60.353,P=0.000<0.05;different career choice methods:?~2=63.959,P=0.000<0.05.3.According to the factor analysis,the influencing factors and degree of the transformation of retired track and field athletes in Sichuan Province are respectively institutional factors(0.830),individual factors(0.875),social factors(0.858)and family factors(0.864).Influence by sorting is the most important is:individual factors>family factors,social factors>system dimension,the four major factors affecting the individual factors influence degree by sorting is the most important is:professional skills(0.939)>performance(0.927)>mental fitness education level(0.885)>(0.830)>body health condition(0.502);The order of influence degree of family factors is as follows:parents'occupation(0.916)>family economic conditions(0.848)>family social relations(0.747)>parents'education level(0.721)>family structure(0.595);The order of the influence degree of social factors is as follows:the overall social employment situation(0.854)>social communication(0.821)the social support of>(0.806)the social popularity of>sports items(0.787)>the type of college graduation(0.587);The descending order of the influence degree of institutional factors is:social security system(0.830)>laws and regulations policies(0.805)>career counseling policies(0.712)>athlete training mechanism(0.698)>employment and entrepreneurship policies(0.545).Research conclusion:1.There are significant differences in the transition of retired track and field athletes with different backgrounds,including sports specialty,sports level,sports performance,education level and career choice mode.2.Among the four factors that influence the transformation of retired track and field athletes in Sichuan Province,the degree of influence from large to small is as follows:individual factor,family factor,social factor and institutional factor.Individual factors include:vocational skills,sports performance,psychological fitness,educational level,physical health status;Family factors include:parents'occupation,family economic conditions,family social relations,parents'education level,family structure;Social factors include:the overall employment situation of the society,social communication,social support,social popularity of sports projects,and the type of colleges and universities graduated;Institutional factors include:social security system,laws and regulations,career counseling policy,athlete training mechanism,employment and entrepreneurship policy.In order to further accelerate the transformation of retired track and field athletes in Sichuan Province,the following suggestions are proposed:(1)to improve the policy system,promote the implementation of sports and education integration;(2)Strengthen the construction of psychological service,change the ideology of athletes;(3)Optimize vocational skills training,improve the comprehensive quality of athletes;(4)Social market resources will be integrated to support athletes to find jobs and start businesses.