| The aging of the population has become a problem that countries and regions must face.The development of undertakings for the elderly is related to the quality of life of the aged group which is conducive to solving aging-related problems.With the continuous improvement of the degree of aging in this country,China has continuously issued documents in the early 21 st century to strengthen the construction of undertakings for the elderly.In recent years,the current development status and level of the undertakings for the elderly has also become an important part of the research on the undertakings for the elderly and even the aging of the population.Taking Yangtze River Economic Belt as the research object,this study draws on the research of relevant scholars and constructs an evaluation index system for the development level of undertakings for the aged from five dimensions,including "social security","medical security","old-age service","social participation" and "protection of development and rights",with a total of 16 indicators as content.Using the variation coefficient of,linear simple additive weight,Theil index,natural breaks(Jenks),spatial dislocation analysis,this study analyzes temporal and spatial changes of the development level of the elderly in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2004 to2018.Combined with the aging population process in the Yangtze River Economic Belt,it also analyzes the spatial relationship between aging undertakings and aging population.Finally,using the Gray correlation analysis method was utilized to study the factors that affecting the development of undertakings for the elderly in the Yangtze River Economic Belt,the following conclusions are drawn:(1)The overall development level of the aging undertakings in the Yangtze River Economic Belt shows an upward trend,but the regional differences tend to expand.From 2004 to2018,the development index of undertakings for the elderly of the Yangtze River Economic Belt increased from 0.188 to 0.279.The aging undertakings in the upper and lower reaches developed well,while that in the middle reaches is slow,with a problem of "collapse in the middle".(2)The development level of "social security" in the Yangtze River Economic Belt is low.In recent years,the development of “old-age services” and “social participation” has been slow.Therefore,the construction of these three aspects need to be strengthened.(3)The spatial dislocation between the aging undertakings and the aging population is mainly positive,and the degree of dislocation is mostly moderate,and it shows differences between the north and the south.There are more positive dislocations in the south and negative dislocations in the north.It indicates that the provinces and cities in the northern region need to strengthen the construction of aging undertakings.The multi-year contribution shows that the spatial dislocation in the downstream area is more significant.(4)Government policy orientation,industrial structure,family and population structure are important factors that affect the development of the undertakings for the elderly.Economic development also has a certain effect on the development of the undertakings of the elderly.Therefore,we propose that,the provincial and municipal governments in the Yangtze River Economic Belt should strengthen guidance and support for the undertakings of aging,enhance their own economic strength,further optimize the regional industrial structure,and promote the development of aging industries.Provinces and cities in the middle reaches of the region should grasp the form of aging in the region,strengthen the construction of aging undertakings,and narrow the gap in regional development.It is also necessary to establish and improve the old-age service system and the training mechanism for old-age talents.Strengthen the development and publicity of facilities for senior citizens to enrich the material and cultural life of senior citizens.At the same time,attention should be paid to raising the legal awareness of the elderly and implementing legal protection for the elderly. |
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