Optimization Of Public Space In Old Residential Areas Based On Health Concept

With the rapid development of cities in recent years,urban planning has entered the stock era from the incremental era.Residential areas,as urban "cells",play an important role in building a healthy city.However,with the increase in the service life of old residential areas,the insufficient public space and backward facilities in residential areas have gradually failed to meet people’s growing demands for a better life.Therefore,it is necessary to transform and optimize the public space in old residential areas.This paper took the old residential areas in Changsha as the research object.Firstly,it analyzed the development status of the old residential areas by consulting domestic and foreign relevant literature.The interaction mechanism between public space and residents’health was clarified according to the physical,psychological and behavioral health needs of residents.The paper interpreted and analyzed the relevant standards and systems of domestic and foreign health concept,and put forward the elements of public space in old residential areas based on health concept.Secondly,three common types of old residential areas in Changsha were selected,and the basic situation of residents,the current use of public space,the residents’ satisfaction with public space in residential areas,and the residents’ willingness to reform residential areas were investigated,analyzed and summarized through field research and questionnaire survey.The existing common and individual problems of the three types of residential areas are obtained by combining the public space elements in residential areas.Finally,the thesis proposed a series of health optimization strategies for the general and individual problems of old residential areas under the guidance of the optimization principle based on the concept of health,from four first-level elements such as residential space,road traffic,supporting facilities,and spirit and humanity.The following conclusions were drawn out based on the above research:(1)There are the following common problems in three types of old residential areas.The first problem is lack of unified organization of facade,poor safety performance,lack of management of flat space,and limited activities of residents in residential space.The second is the chaos of road traffic system affects safe travel in road traffic.Thirdly,supporting infrastructure lagged behand the economic development,the public service facilities are single,the basic guarantee and the service level are both low in supporting facilities.The last one is lack of health education publicity and low level of management in spiritual humanities.(2)There are the following personality problems in three types of old residential areas.First,as the function of the activity square is less,the frequency of residents’ going out for activities is reduced,green landscape form is monotonous and lacks follow-up management,and the road grade is unclear,and there are lots of impassable roads ahead in residential area where all residents belong to the same unit.Secondly,due to the lack of hierarchy in the activity square,residents’ communication is reduced,cultural features are not prominent enough,and residents’ sense of belonging is weak in commercial housing residential areas.Thirdly,residents’ activities are limited because of the lack of space in the activity square,and because the space of commercial facilities is chaotic,which interferes with the order of life in resettlement community.(3)We proposed the following common strategies according to the common problems of the three types of residential areas.Primarily,we use the unified planning of facade space to reflect safety and comfort,and use overall layout of plane space to improve the use efficiency in residential space.Next,we may build a smooth road system to ensure safe travel in road traffic.The third,we should ensure the basic use of infrastructure,pay attention to after-sales maintenance,and improve public service facilities and build a facility system in Supporting facilities.Last but not least,strengthen health education publicity,and improve management level in spiritual humanities.(4)According to the personality problems of the three types of residential areas,the following personality strategies are proposed.First,we may enrich the functions of activity square and implement functional zoning,enrich forms of green landscape and strengthen the follow-up management,and optimize traffic organization and define road grades in residential area where all residents belong to the same unit.Then,we could increase spatial levels of the square and promote residents’ communication,refine the cultural gene of residential area and highlight the characteristics of residential area in commercial housing residential areas.Lastly,we could compound other site functions to improve activity space,and we will improve commercial supporting facilities and standardize commercial activities in resettlement community.It is hoped that the proposed optimization strategies can provide guidance for the practice of public space optimization and transformation in the old residential areas,and provide references for the optimization and transformation of other old residential areas in Changsha and the cities of other provinces.