Quantitative Research On Spatial Form Of Vernacular Settlement Based On Thermal Environment And Energy Saving

In the context of the high-quality promotion of new urbanization,livable,green and sustainable development has become the primary goal of urban planning and construction.Vernacular settlement as the settlements where most of the population lives and live in my country,have the characteristics of a mixture of urban and rural areas.They play an important role as a bridge in the process of urbanization,and their spatial form directly affects the quality of life of residents and the level of building energy consumption.This study takes vernacular settlement in southern Jiangsu as the research object,and explores the quantitative relationship between the spatial form of vernacular settlement,microclimate and building energy consumption.Firstly,the relevant researches on the relationship between space form and microclimate and building energy consumption are analyzed and summarized,and it is concluded that the average wind speed ratio,air temperature and thermal comfort index(physiological equivalent temperature)are the microclimate orientations,and the cooling and supply per unit building area are Thermal energy consumption is energy-saving oriented,and spatial form parameters are selected from plot ratio,building group orientation,building density,plane enclosure,building height,average building height,maximum building height,and building height dispersion.In-depth research is carried out on the quantitative relationship between the spatial form of vernacular settlement and communities in winter and summer in southern Jiangsu,microclimate evaluation indicators,and building cooling and heating energy consumption.Secondly,through the methods of on-site investigation and literature review,the paper summarizes the spatial form and layout characteristics of vernacular settlement in southern Jiangsu and establishes a benchmark model.It is concluded that the common architectural prototypes are townhouses,closed courtyards and overhead courtyards,and the common layout methods are determinant and enclosed.On this basis,two kinds of building orientations,NS and EW,two kinds of road widths of 3m and 6m,and two kinds of building heights of 9m and 12 m are used to expand the sample data of spatial morphology.Based on this,48 benchmark models and 96 winter and summer operating conditions were established.Then,the ENVI-met software was used to carry out microclimate simulations for 96 operating conditions.Through statistical analysis,the sensitivity of the spatial form of vernacular settlement to air temperature,average wind speed ratio and physiological equivalent temperature is determined.The results show that: the average building height and wind direction projection angle are positively correlated with air temperature and average wind speed ratio;The combined degree was negatively correlated with the air temperature and the average wind speed ratio;for the physiological equivalent temperature,the influencing parameters were different in winter and summer.At the same time,the differences of each index between different plane combinations are revealed.The results show that the average wind speed ratio,air temperature and physiological equivalent temperature of the enclosed layout are generally higher than those of the determinant layout,and the evaluation indicators of the determinant layout are affected by the spatial shape.big change.Finally,using stepwise regression,a quantitative model of spatial morphological parameters of vernacular settlement in winter and summer and air temperature,average wind speed ratio and physiological equivalent temperature was established.Finally,the typical daily microclimate simulation results are used as the meteorological boundary conditions for energy consumption simulation,and the Energy Plus software is used to calculate the air-conditioning energy consumption of 48 benchmark models.Through statistical analysis method,the sensitivity of spatial form parameters of vernacular settlement to building airconditioning energy consumption was determined.The results show that: for cooling energy consumption,the direction of building groups is positively correlated with it;building density and building height dispersion are negatively correlated with it.For heating energy consumption,the direction of building groups and building density are positively correlated with it.At the same time,the differences of building air-conditioning energy consumption between different plane combinations are revealed.The results show that the cooling energy consumption of the enclosed layout is generally higher than that of the determinant layout,and the heating energy consumption of the determinant layout is generally higher than that of the enclosed layout.Finally,a quantitative model of the spatial form parameters of villages and towns and the energy consumption of cooling and heating per unit building area is established by stepwise regression.This research can provide a basis for planners to carry out the optimal design of thermal environment and building energy conservation in vernacular settlement in southern Jiangsu important value and scientific significance.