Study Of The Impact Of Urban Public Services On The Pension Intentions Of Migrant Workers In Different Locations

Since the reform and opening up,hundreds of millions of migrant workers have migrated between urban and rural areas,making an indelible contribution to the miracle of China’s economic growth.However,the majority of migrant workers who have moved to the cities are still in an awkward situation of "economic acceptance but social exclusion",not only unable to enjoy the same public service resources as urban residents,but also unable to achieve an effective transformation of their social identity.Against the backdrop of increasing ageing,a large number of elderly migrant workers are faced with the difficult situation of being at a loss between staying in the city and returning to their hometowns for retirement.For some time to come,the number of senior migrant workers will remain large,and the issue of their retirement will become an important one for both the migrant workers themselves and the government.As cities usually have a higher level of public services than rural areas,promoting equal access to public services for migrant workers who stay in cities for their old age has become an important way to improve the quality of citizenship of the migrant agricultural population.Based on data from the 2013 China Mobility Monitoring Survey,this paper systematically explores the relationship between urban public services and the willingness of migrant workers to retire in a different place,using a combination of quantitative and qualitative research based on new public service theory,governance theory,push-pull theory and social support theory.Are there significant differences in the willingness of migrant workers living in cities of different administrative levels to retire elsewhere? How do urban public services affect the willingness of migrant workers to retire elsewhere? What role does the willingness to become a citizen play in between? The study shows that there is no significant difference in the willingness to retire elsewhere between migrant workers living in first-tier cities and above and those living in cities at other administrative levels.The finding that urban public services significantly increase migrant workers’ willingness to retire elsewhere still holds after replacing variables,replacing models,and conducting tests for omitted variables.The analysis of group heterogeneity shows that the effect of urban public services on the willingness to retire in a different place is greater for migrating within the province,living in the first tier and above,and new generation migrant workers;the analysis of individual heterogeneity shows that the effect of urban public services on migrant workers who are married,have high education,have high income,have high urban integration,own their own homes,participate in pension insurance,and have lived in the city for a longer period of time remains consistent with the baseline model,but for those who have The effect of public services on the willingness of migrant workers to retire elsewhere is consistent with the baseline model,but has a significant negative effect on the willingness of migrant workers who have raised children.The mechanism analysis shows that urban public services can indirectly increase migrant workers’ willingness to retire elsewhere through their willingness to change household registration,their willingness to stay for a long time and their local identity,with the indirect effects of willingness to change household registration and willingness to stay for a long time being greater.In addition,the qualitative study found that there are significant intergenerational differences in the impact of different urban public services on migrant workers’ willingness to retire elsewhere,i.e.urban public services in the areas of transport,recreation and leisure have a greater effect on the willingness of the new generation of migrant workers to retire elsewhere,while the willingness of the older generation of migrant workers to retire elsewhere is mainly influenced by services in the areas of education,healthcare and the environment.As an important part of the migrant population in China,the issue of their old-age pension cannot be ignored.Based on the above findings,this paper argues that in order to effectively solve the problem of migrant workers’ retirement in other places,the following should be done in the future: firstly,governments at all levels should actively recognize the trend of migrant workers’ retirement in urban areas and reasonably plan the resources for their retirement.Secondly,the government should further improve the management system of the migrant population,expand the coverage of urban public services,and realize the effective connection between public service resources and the needs of migrant workers in their old age.Finally,in view of the differences in the needs of different groups of migrant workers in different places,the supply of public services in different areas should be strengthened according to needs,so as to finally form a positive pension situation in which the majority of migrant workers in the city have a sense of security,a sense of security,a sense of worthiness and a sense of enjoyment in old age.