| Since the beginning of 2019,it has been nearly two years since China has carried out the pilot work of the"1+X" certificate system.This research starts from clarifying the nature of the "1+X" certificate system and explores the essential role,responsible body,Management mechanism.Focus on the practice of domestic reform pilots,understand the focus of pilot colleges and government pilot work,accumulated experience,and problems encountered.Reflect on the causes of the problems and explore the development direction of the system.Like the previous system,this system is a vocational qualification certificate system,which is essentially a reform of the evaluation model for skilled talents,especially senior skilled talents.The difference lies in the reconstruction of the responsibility,rights,and interest relations of the evaluation subject,and the change of the manifestation of the evaluation results.The "X" certificate standardizes the skills required in the job and is divided into three levels:elementary,middle,and senior Level,docking market positions,strengthening the employment-oriented function of vocational education evaluation,supplementing the lack of vocational education qualification certificates,and highlighting the most fundamental characteristics of vocational education as a type of education.Under this system,the market participates in the setting of talent training goals to a certain extent,so the "1+X" certificate system is expected to force the reform of vocational education talent training.However,in the process of practice,due to the deviation of policy understanding by institutions,the high implementation cost,the lack of long-term development mechanisms in the institutions,the speed of supervision system construction lags behind the speed of certificate selection,and the immature working mechanism of school-enterprise communication,etc.These problems prevent the reform from reaching the level of talent training.In the absence of industry association development accumulation in China and the low level of industry organization,"X" certificate can only be used when it is recognized by industry leaders and upstream and downstream companies.But the reform of vocational education alone cannot solve this problem.In the future,the direction of the reform of the system is to continue to deepen school cooperation in the development of curriculum and professional construction of talent training in vocational colleges,make good use of the skill standards provided by the market,and curricularize typical work tasks to promote market forces.Teaching links.The second is to enhance the signal function of certificates,strengthen cooperation between enterprises,improve the employment system,and promote the formation of a professional society in which skilled talents hold certificates. |
