| Physics is a subject based on experiments,which can provide rich perceptual materials for students to learn physics knowledge.Physics subject and experiments are beneficial to enhance students’ ability of information collection and inductive analysis,as well as cultivate students’ attitude of seeking truth from facts and the spirit of mutual assistance and cooperation.However,at present,the experimental conditions in middle schools are limited,the existing experiments can’t arouse students’ interest in learning,and teachers don’t pay enough attention to experimental teaching.The current situation of physics experimental teaching in middle schools is not optimistic.This thesis attempts to improve the experiments of "Simple Pendulum" and "Law of Conservation of Mechanical Energy",making the experiment easier to realize and the effect more obvious,and studies their application in middle school physics classroom teaching,so as to help teachers build efficient classroom in physics teaching.This thesis is divided into six chapters.Chapter one is the introduction.In this part,firstly,the background and significance of this study are introduced.Secondly,through reading the literature,this thesis analyzes the research status at home and abroad.Based on the above research findings,the research content of this thesis is determined,that is,“ improve or make self-made teaching aids for the experiments involved in a class”.This thesis tries to apply modern educational technology,such as DISLab digital information system,to the inquiry experiment of high school physics,and promote the organic integration of traditional experimental teaching and modern emerging technology.The second chapter is the concept definition and theoretical basis.Firstly,the basic concepts,such as experimental classification,experimental improvement,self-made teaching aids,DISLab digital information system and two-dimensional motion sensor,are defined.Secondly,it is pointed out that the principles,scientific,interesting,obvious and simple,should be followed in the process of experimental improvement.Finally,constructivism learning theory,audio-visual education theory and other pedagogical and psychological theories are introduced to provide theoretical support for the subsequent research.The third chapter describes the investigation about present situation of the high school physics teaching experiment improvement.Firstly,study the mechanical part of the experiment in the high school physics textbooks(People’s Education Press,2019)and college entrance examination questions of Shandong province and national volume for nearly 10 years,discovering that law of conservation of mechanical energy and the knowledge of mechanical vibration based on simple pendulum is high frequency test points,also finding that the college entrance examination subject has a trend of taking the modern information technology as the background.By means of questionnaire survey,the attitude of senior high school students about improving physics experiment is investigated.It is found that senior high school students like physics experiment,but they don’t have too many opportunities to contact physical experiments and their improvements due to the limitation of conditions.Through interviews with four physics teachers in a high school in Jinan city and a high school in Yantai city,it is found that the front-line teachers pay less attention to experimental improvement due to time and energy.However,they generally held a positive attitude towards experimental improvement and put forward some suggestions for experimental improvement.They think it is the future trend to introduce modern information technology into physics experiment teaching.Finally,the results of teaching materials and test questions,questionnaire survey and interview are summarized to point out the way for the experimental improvement of this thesis.Chapter four and chapter five take "Simple Pendulum" and "Law of Conservation of Mechanical Energy" as examples to conduct experimental improvement case studies.In the case study,the problems existing in the experiment of teaching materials is firstly pointed out,and the improvements and self-made teaching aids for demonstration are made.Moreover,the modern educational technology--DISLab digital information system for exploration experiment and extended experiment is introduced.Then,we make a detailed introduction of their production process,use process,phenomenon and principle,and analysis of their advantages and innovative points.The improved and self-made teaching aids for demonstration experiment and extended experiment have obvious effect: simple operation and multi-use of one instrument,which provides a simple method for self-made instrument.Using two-dimensional motion sensor in DISLab digital information system to conduct inquiry experiment has the advantages of shorter experiment time and visualization of the experiment process,expanding the experiment content and producing more accurate experiment results.Meanwhile,students can experience the application of new technology in practice.Finally,the corresponding teaching design is improved by using the improved experimental teaching aids,and the comparison and analysis with the conventional physics classroom teaching is presented,showing the improvement of the classroom teaching effect by the experimental improvement.The sixth chapter is the summary and prospect of the whole research.In this chapter,all the work of this study is summarized,the shortcomings and future work are analyzed,and the prospects and development direction of physical experiment improvement are forecasted.In this thesis,the experimental improvement on the two knowledge points of "Simple Pendulum" and "Law of Conservation of Mechanical Energy" is helpful to strengthen students’ understanding of physics knowledge,and it is expected that this work can provide reference for the majority of physics teachers. |
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