| Objective:The aging of population is increasing year by year in China and even in the world.Falls occur in 28% to 35% of people older than 65,and up to 50% of people older than 80.Falls can lead to fractures,dislocations,brain damage and psychological problems such as anxiety and depression in the elderly,and can cost billions of dollars a year in medical costs.Resistance training was associated with lower fall rates and risk in older adults.Therefore,to investigate the differences of lower limb muscle strength,walking function and cognitive function in elderly women with or without fall risk,and provide a reliable evaluation method for predicting falls.To investigate the effect of12 weeks of elastic band resistance training on lower limb muscle strength,walking function and cognitive function in elderly women,and to provide a simple and effective exercise measure for the prevention of falls in elderly women.Research methods:Study 1: A total of 59 elderly women were recruited and screened in China Welfare Association nursing home,Xinqiao Comprehensive Service Center for the Elderly and Shanghai Yinkang Apartment by means of literature review and questionnaire survey.The lower limb muscle strength,walking function and cognitive function of elderly women with or without falling risk were compared.Study 2: A total of 48 elderly women were enrolled in three nursing homes by methods of literature and experiment.The elderly women were divided into intervention group and control group.The intervention group received elastic belt resistance training for 12 weeks,3 times a week,and 40 minutes each time,while the control group maintained the original lifestyle unchanged.Lower limb muscle strength,walking function and cognitive function were assessed before and after the experiment.Results:Study 1: The number of consecutive 30-second chair sitting times in the fall risk group was significantly lower than that in the non-fall risk group(P=0.02<0.05),and the 10-meter walking speed was significantly slower than that in the non-fall risk group(P < 0.01).There was no difference in Mo CA(Montreal Cognitive Assessment)scores between the two groups(P=0.85>0.05).Study 2: There were no significant differences between the intervention and control groups at baseline in 30-second continuous chair sitting(P=0.33>0.05),10-meter walking(P=0.95>0.05),and Mo CA scores(P=0.54>0.05).After 12 weeks of elastic belt training,the number of consecutive 30-second chair sitting times in the intervention group increased compared with before training,and the difference was very significant(P=0.000<0.05).The number of consecutive 30-second chair sitting times in the intervention group was more than that in the control group,and the difference was very significant(P=0.006 < 0.05).After training,the 10-meter walking speed of the intervention group was faster than that of the control group(P=0.000 < 0.01),and the 10-meter walking speed of the intervention group was faster than that of the control group(P=0.034 < 0.05).Mo CA scores showed significant difference only in time effect(P=0.001 < 0.05).After training,the30-second continuous chair sitting(P=0.006<0.05)and 10-meter walking speed(P=0.005<0.05)in older women at risk of falling were significantly different from the pretest,but Mo CA scores were not significantly different from the pretest(P=0.102>0.05).Conclusions:(1)Lower limb muscle strength and walking function of elderly women at risk of falling were weaker than those of elderly women without falling,but there was no difference in cognitive function between the two.(2)12 weeks of elastic band resistance training can improve lower limb muscle strength and walking function of elderly women,but the improvement of cognitive function is not obvious. |
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