| In order to improve the low fertility rate and to cope with an increasingly aging society in China,the government unveiled the "three children policy" since May 31,2021,which would allow all couples to have up to three children.The key to the achievement of the effect for increasing the fertility rate is the implementation of the relevant supporting measures of the “the three children policy”.Therefore,it has an important practical significance to study the fertility’s interfering factors of married youth.Although the fertility intention is a problem which has been studying by the population management in the field of Public Administration,a large number of studies only focus on women’s fertility intention,and rarely take which of men’s into account.Moreover,most of the studies set the age of the respondents to be 15-49 years old,but in fact,the unmarried youth would rarely seriously consider their fertility intention.As a megacity,Shanghai has the characteristics of a typical metropolis in terms of the childbearing aged youth’s economic situation,consumption level and child rearing cost.Therefore,this paper will study the married youth aged 20-45 in Shanghai for narrowing the variety of respondents,in order to make the final analysis result close to the reality as much as possible,so as to provide reference and basis for the government to formulate relevant supporting measures for the "three children policy".This paper is mainly divided into three parts: in the first part,after consulting a large number of domestic and foreign literature,I collate some appropriate theories of fertility intention in the purpose of donging Data analysis on the married youth’s fertility intention in Shanghai.I choose Harvey Leibenstein’s cost utility theory on fertility,Becker’s children’s quality replaces quantity theory and the theory of work family conflict as the theoretical basis of this study and compile a questionnaire on the factors influencing the fertility intention of married youth in Shanghai.In the second part,I extracted the factors influencing the fertility intention of married youth in Shanghai by using correlation analysis by SPSS data analysis tools.And final effective factors are determined based on multiple linear regression analysis.Through independent sample t-test,it is found that there are significant differences in the degree of influence of gender on some of the influencing factors.Through independent sample t-test,it is found that there are significant differences of work family conflict on the impact of families with different incomes.In the third part,based on the analysis results of the questionnaire and relevant literature,studied on the reasons for the married youth in Shanghai to have two children or three children and the reasons to stimulate their willingness to have children,and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions.Based on the research,I find out the factors influencing the fertility intention of married youth in Shanghai according to the weight is as follow: opportunity cost,economic cost,insurance utility,economic utility and work family conflict.There are significant differences between gender on opportunity cost,economic utility,insurance utility and work family conflict;Among them,the impact of opportunity cost,economic utility and insurance utility on women is deeper than that on men,while the impact of work family conflict on men is deeper;Low-income families are more vulnerable to the negative impact of work family conflict than middle-income families.Finally,in combination with the existing supporting measures of maternity policy and social reality,it is suggested to improve the social welfare of related issues such as childcare services,children’s medical insurance,after-school services for students,work system and female employment.And further improve the relevant legal protection and supervision system,and promote the positive publicity of the concept of childbirth by the media. |
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