Study On The Technique Analysis And Optimization Training Of Key Athletes In Chinese Race-Walking School

Objective: "Technology is the life of race walking".As the main base for training excellent reserve talents in China ’s race walking events,the Chinese race walking school has a high rate of foul penalty in the national competition.Such competition performance shows that there are great problems in the sports skills of the competitors.This phenomenon not only affects the improvement of its competition results,but may even end the sports career of excellent seedling sprematurely.Therefore,this study takes the key athletes of Chinese race-walk ing schools as the research object,analyzes the problems existing in the athletes’ movement techniques,and on this basis designs and implements targeted optimization training programs,in order to improve the athletes’ technical level and competitive ability.Method: Based on the previous research results and training practice,this study obtains the technical data of six key athletes in China’s race walking school,and analyzes their movement techniques through video analysis and corresponding data.By using the methods of literature,expert interview,experiment,observation and mathematical statistics,this paper designs and implements targeted optimization training methods for the problems existing in the movement technology of key athletes in Chinese walking schools,such as long stride frequency,flight stage,support stage and swing stage,and compares the technical index data and images of athletes before and after optimization,and draws the following results and conclusions.Results:(1)Before the experiment,athletes had technical problems such as small stride length,large stride frequency and uneven left and right single step length.Optimization training mainly focused on developing athletes’ leg strength,hip joint flexibility and hip sending ability,weak lower limb flexibility,upper limb coordination training,differential strength complex training and complete technical walking.After the training intervention,the step length and step frequ ency of female athletes were significantly different from those before the experiment(P=0.001,P<0.001);The stride length and stride frequency of male athletes were significantly different from those before the experiment(P=0.001,P<0.001).(2)Before the experiment,the athletes’ techniques in the air stage mainly have the problems of long time in the air and large vertical displacement distance at the top of the head.To solve the above problems,the optimization training is mainly carried out by developing the strength of the athletes’ muscle group at the back of the thigh,ankle joint flexibility,ankle joint,front palm of the foot and the extension strength of the toes.After the training intervention,the female athletes’ air time and vertical displacement of the top of the head were significantly different from those before the experiment(P=0.001,P=0.004).There was no significant difference in the air time of male athletes before and after the experiment(P=0.15),but there was a significant difference in the vertical displacement of the top of the head(P=0.013).(3)Before the experiment,the athletes’ support stage technology has the problems of small elevation Angle of the landing foot,torso leaning forward and insufficient push back.To solve the above problems,the optimization counter measures mainly focus on strengthening the strength of the athletes’ tibialis anterior muscle,ankle joint flexibility and strength,as well as the subjective initiative of the athletes’ heel leading at the moment of landing,core stability and strength training.After training intervention,there were significant differences in the elevation angle and front support distance of female athletes compared with those before the experiment.There was no significant difference in the overall mean of knee angle and trunk inclination angle before landing.There are significant differences in the elevation angle and front support distance of male athletes compared with those before the experiment.There are significant differences in knee angle and trunk angle before landing.(4)Before the experiment,the athletes’ swing stage technology mainly has the problems of small Angle between the thighs,"large back swing",small upper limb swing amplitude,uneven swing amplitude of left and right arms,and nervous front swing.Aiming at these problems,the optimization training is mainly from improving the amplitude of hip joint to hip.Start with the concept of improving the "release" of the front swing leg and strengthening the upper body strength shoulder joint flexibility and the correct swing arm technique.After the training intervention,there were significant differences in the angle of legs,leg swing and knee angle,elbow swing angle and swing angle of the upper arm before and after the experiment.There are significant differences in the angle of the two thighs,the angle of the swinging leg and knee,and the elbow joint swinging forward.There is a significant difference in the swing angle of the upper arm.Conclusion:(1)20 weeks of technical optimization training has increased the stride length of the athletes,especially in the technical performance of the men.The balance of the left and right steps is also improved.The coordination of stride length and frequency makes the overall external technical form of athletes more smooth,open and natural.A good gait also reduces the risk of being called during a game.However,there is still a gap between height/step ratio and international elite athletes.(2)The athlete ’s emptying foul before the experiment is the main form of his technical foul.After the optimization training,the corresponding kinematic technical index parameters in the emptying stage have been improved to varying degrees,and the ability to control and rationally utilize the emptying time has also been improved,which has been verified in the National Games.(3)After 20 weeks of technical optimization training,the athletes’ technical performance in the pre-support stage has been significantly improved.The heel leading landing technique is more obvious and the landing movement is soft,which is more conducive to complete the straight knee movement when landing,leaving a better visual impression on the referee,and also beneficial to increase the front supporting distance.In the rear support stage,the rear push off Angle is obviously reduced,and the technical economy is improved.However,the distance of the back push is still a weak link for both male and female athletes,and there is room for improvement.(4)Before the experiment,the Angle between the two thighs of male athletes was small,and the flexibility of hip joint and lower limb were insufficient.Inadequate backswing of the upper arm.Compared with male athletes,the main problem of female athletes is that the upper arm swing technique and lower limb relaxation are not enough,resulting in serious "back leg lift".After the optimization training of swing phase technique,the swing range of the hip joint of athletes increases,which makes the stride length more open,and the swing arm technique of the upper limb is obviously optimized.The relaxation of the swinging leg has improved but is still not sufficient.