The Influence Of Human Capital And Family Socioeconomic Status On "Slow Employment" Of College Graduates

In 2022,the number of college graduates in our country exceeded the 10 million for the first time,setting a new historical record.The employment situation of graduates has been widely regarded by the whole society.Currently,the percentage of graduates at all levels who have difficult in employment is gradually increasing,and the "slow employment" of college students continues to heat up."Slow employment" can be understood as delayed employment.For college graduates,human capital and family socioeconomic status are two important factors related to college graduates’ employment choices.Therefore,this paper attempts to explore two questions: First,which one is more important to the "slow employment" of college graduates,human capital or family socioeconomic status? Second,whether human capital and family socioeconomic status have a joint effect on "slow employment",a substitute relationship or a complementary relationship?Starting from the perspective of human capital and family socioeconomic status,this study focuses on the 2022 graduates of Southwestern University of Finance and Economics(SWUFE),and conducts an online survey on the "slow employment" status of the 2022 graduates.Based on first-hand sample data,STATA17.0 is used to analyze which of human capital and family socioeconomic status is more important to "slow employment" and the joint effect of the two,and make policy recommendations.This paper subdivides "slow employment" into three dimensions,which are "slow employment" intention,"slow employment" status,and "slow employment" waiting period.The independent variable of human capital is further divided into academic performance,internship experience,employability,competition awards,vocational qualification certificates,etc.;the independent variable of family socioeconomic status is further divided into parents’ education level and family annual income.The results found that: First,family socioeconomic status is more important than human capital in terms of "slow employment" intention.The higher the socioeconomic status of the family,the stronger the graduates’ intention of "slow employment",and the positive effect of father’s education level is more significant.However,human capital significantly negatively affects "slow employment" intention.The higher the human capital,the weaker the intention of "slow employment".Among which,the negative effects of academic performance and internship experience are more significant.Second,in terms of the "slow employment" status of college graduates,human capital is more important than family socioeconomic status.Human capital has a significant negative impact on the "slow employment" status,and the higher the human capital,the less likely it will be reduced to "slow employment".Among them,the negative effects of academic performance,competition awards,employability,and vocational qualification certificates on the "slow employment" status are more significant.However,parental education level and family annual income have no significant impact on graduates’ "slow employment" status.Third,family socioeconomic status is more important than human capital in terms of the waiting period of "slow employment" for college graduates.The higher the socioeconomic status of the family,the more likely the waiting period for "slow employment" will be prolonged.This is largely due to the significant positive effect of mother’s education level on the waiting period of "slow employment".Fourth,when further analyzing the joint effect of human capital and family socioeconomic status,the study found that there is a strong complementary relationship between human capital and family socioeconomic status in terms of "slow employment" intention and "slow employment" waiting period.That is to say,as the influence of human capital increases,so does the influence of family socioeconomic status,or in other words,as the influence of family socioeconomic status increases,so does the impact of human capital.But for the "slow employment" state,there is no obvious substitution relationship or complementarity relationship between human capital and family socioeconomic status.The problem of "slow employment" is not only regarded as a family,individual or one-sided problem,it is a complex social problem involving multiple systems and levels such as family,individual,school and society.This requires us to incorporate the problem of "slow employment" of college graduates into the entire social system for analysis,examine and think from multiple aspects and perspectives,and explore useful strategies based on the role that each system can play.Based on this,this paper combines the above research findings and attempts to suggest countermeasures in the following four aspects: first,college students themselves should give full play to their main motivation and improve their employment competitiveness;second,families should update their education concept,cultivate their children’s independence and establish a cooperative mechanism;Third,universities should reasonably carry out career planning education for college students and strengthen employment services for graduates;fourth,society should continue to optimize the employment and entrepreneurial environment for graduates and develop the employment market in all aspects.