| In 2018,the CPC Central Committee and The State Council issued the “Opinions on Comprehensively Deepening the Reform of Teachers in the New Era”,which pointed out that“by 2035,the majority of teachers will have a sense of happiness in their posts,a sense of achievement in their career,a sense of honor in society,and teachers will become an enviable profession”,which is enough to show that the CPC and the State attach great importance to the happiness of teachers.In the words of the 2022 report,the goal is to strive for the happiness of the people and the rejuvenation of the nation.The documents related to preschool education have been issued one after another,making this field of concern.As the saying goes,“Only happy teachers can teach happy students”.Currently,preschool teachers are faced with high job requirements such as various checks and long overtime hours,and low work resources such as leadership support and family support will produce huge work pressure which will affect their happiness.Therefore,it is of great value to explore the impact of work characteristics on preschool teachers’ happiness and the buffering effect of personal resources.In order to explore the influence of job characteristics and personal resources on preschool teachers’ happiness,this study adopts questionnaire survey and interview method,which are divided into two studies.In study 1,2,086 preschool teachers in L City,Henan Province were investigated to explore the influence of challenging job demands,obstructive job demands and job resources on preschool teachers’ happiness and the mediating effect of work values.The results show that:(1)the challenging job requirements of preschool teachers are above the medium level,the obstructive job requirements are below the medium level,and the work resources are above the medium level;Work values are above the average level;Career happiness is in the middle level,life satisfaction is in the lower middle level;(2)There is a significant positive correlation between preschool teachers’ challenging job requirements,work values and career happiness;There is a significant negative correlation between obstructive job requirement and career happiness and life satisfaction.There is a significant positive correlation between job resources and job values,career happiness and life satisfaction.There is a significant positive correlation between work values and career happiness;(3)After controlling demographic variables,challenging job requirements and job resources can positively predict preschool teachers’ occupational well-being,while obstructive job requirements can negatively predict preschool teachers’ occupational well-being;(4)Job values have mediating effect on the relationship between challenging job requirements and career happiness;Job values have mediating effect on the relationship between job resources and career happiness.In study 2,8 preschool teachers were interviewed in L City,Henan Province by the principle of convenience and voluntaliness,and the specific performance of challenging work requirements,obstructive work requirements and work resources of preschool teachers were investigated.Based on the first study,the mediating or moderating effects of other personal resources except work values and work resources and personal resources in the relationship between job demands and happiness are discussed.The results show that:(1)The challenging job requirements of preschool teachers include: professional title evaluation,teaching and research activities,student management,responsibility,skill requirements and communication ability;(2)The hindrance work requirements of preschool teachers include: inspection,miscellaneous and administrative affairs and long overtime hours;(3)Work resources include autonomous control,support from colleagues,work significance,work rewards,career development opportunities,education and training,and family... |
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