Research On Strategies For Cultivating High School Geography Core Literacy Based On The Analysis Of Shandong New College Entrance Examination Questions

The "2017 edition of the General High School Geography Curriculum Standards" clearly proposes the four core competencies of geography,and the trend of geography test questions in the new college entrance examination is gradually shifting from "subject ability" to "subject literacy".The core literacy of geography is a concentrated manifestation of the educational value of geography,as well as the integration and refinement of the three-dimensional goals of "knowledge and skills,processes and methods,emotional attitudes and values".The core competencies of geography include regional cognition,comprehensive thinking,practical ability in geography,and the concept of human earth coordination.They are essential qualities and key abilities to solve geographical problems in real situations,and are also important "handles" for the proposition of geography exam questions in the college entrance examination.Therefore,the research and analysis of geography test questions in the college entrance examination based on the core competencies of the subject undoubtedly has great benefits for teachers and students to better cope with the geography college entrance examination.In 2020,Shandong,as a province that implemented the new college entrance examination earlier in the country,made the subject of geography an independent proposition for the first time in the new college entrance examination.The geography test questions of the Shandong New College Entrance Examination are based on the essential knowledge of geography core,with a focus on the examination of students’ geography core literacy.The characteristics of the test questions,the content of the examination,and other aspects are permeated with geography core literacy.Therefore,the research and analysis of geography test questions in the college entrance examination based on subject core literacy can help to play the guiding and guiding role of the college entrance examination in high school geography teaching,provide guidance and assistance for Shandong high school geography teachers and even frontline teachers nationwide to strengthen the cultivation of students’ geography core literacy in daily teaching,and then implement the requirements of the new curriculum standards.Based on educational measurement and evaluation theory,constructivist theory and situational cognition theory,this article uses literature research,statistical analysis,and case study methods to analyze the geographical core literacy test questions in Shandong New College Entrance Examination from the perspectives of examination frequency,examination form,literacy decomposition,examination content,and typical examples,Summarize and summarize the characteristics of geographical core literacy in the Shandong New College Entrance Examination questions,and use questionnaire survey method to investigate and analyze the current situation of geographical core literacy among high school students.The following conclusions are drawn:(1)The overall performance of the Shan Dong New College Entrance Examination questions from 2020 to 2022 in the examination of geographical core competencies is that the four core competencies penetrate and integrate with each other.The same test question often involves cross examination of multiple geographical core competencies.The four geographical core competencies are not completely separated,but are integrated and permeated with each other.Test students’ regional cognition by setting context with text or regional images related to the region as background materials;Students need to use comprehensive thinking to solve problems in the process of thinking about problems and organizing answers.Therefore,students’ comprehensive thinking literacy is tested in the setting of problems and the organization of answers;Examining students’ geographical practical literacy in the process of extracting and interpreting key information from materials;And the background and materials of the test questions often permeate the educational values of human land coordination.(2)The characteristics of the human-land coordination concept test questions are to pay attention to national current affairs and hotspots,reflect the concept of sustainable development,and cultivate a sense of patriotism;The characteristics of comprehensive thinking test questions are the highest proportion of exams,high scores,rich content in test situations,integration with other literacy tests,and emphasis on process oriented questions,which are relatively difficult;The characteristics of regional cognitive test questions are a comprehensive analysis based on the combination of images and text,relying on real situations,and focusing on regional characteristics;The characteristics of geography practical ability test questions are closely related to daily life,emphasizing the application of knowledge,and emphasizing the cultivation of hands-on abilities such as drawing,calculation,and observation.(3)The prominent problems in the cultivation of geographical core literacy for high school students include: insufficient understanding of geographical core literacy among high school students,one-sided cultivation of the concept of human earth coordination,need to improve comprehensive thinking literacy,lack of comprehensive application of regional cognition,and urgent need to cultivate geographical practical ability.Based on the analysis of the characteristics of the geography core literacy test questions in the Shandong New College Entrance Examination and a survey of the current situation of cultivating high school students’ geography core literacy,combined with teaching theoretical foundations,corresponding training strategies are formulated for each type of geography core literacy:(1)In cultivating the concept of human earth coordination,teaching materials should be excavated and the concept of human earth should be permeated;Carry out theme activities and practice human land coordination;Pay attention to social hotspots and inherit national sentiments.(2)In cultivating comprehensive thinking,attention should be paid to concept teaching and constructing comprehensive elements;Using mind maps to clarify thinking paths;Train to split and synthesize,improve thinking ability.(3)In terms of cultivating regional cognition,attention should be paid to map teaching and cultivating regional awareness;Skilled use of information technology and demonstration of regional changes;Deepen situational teaching and conduct regional evaluations.(4)In terms of cultivating practical abilities in geography,experimental teaching should be carried out to enhance reflective experiences;Field research and investigation,obtaining geographic information;Create model charts and improve practical skills.Finally,based on the cultivation strategy of geographical core literacy,the first class hour of "Soil Formation" in the second section of Chapter 5 of the compulsory course of New Hunan Education Press was selected as a teaching example,achieving good classroom results and teaching evaluation.It was also awarded the first prize in the 2022 Qingdao West Coast New Area Open Class Competition,fully proving that the teaching strategy proposed in this article can fully guide teaching practice and has a positive effect on improving students’ geographical core literacy.