Research On The Characteristics Of Special Strength Training Of Elite Young Women Short-distance Speed Skaters In Jilin Province

At present,one of the most critical factors affecting skaters’ performance is the level of special strength.For skaters,the strength of special strength can play an irreplaceable key role in their final results,and it is also the embodiment of skill base from the athlete’s own point of view.In order to improve the special strength level of elite young female speed skating shortdistance athletes in Jilin Province and their special achievements,this paper takes the special strength characteristics of elite young female speed skating short-distance athletes in Jilin Province as the research object,and analyzes the special strength training characteristics of these athletes in training period,training methods,training content and training load by using the methods of literature review,expert interview,questionnaire survey,comparative analysis and mathematical statistics.(1)The special strength training cycle of elite young women short-distance speed skaters in Jilin Province is the same as that of elite young women’s teams in China,which is divided into national games cycle and annual cycle.The cycle of the National Games is divided into four one-year cycles,and the annual cycle can be further divided into general preparation period,special preparation period,ice-land combination period and competition period.However,compared with Jilin women’s team,China’s outstanding young women’s team pays more attention to core strength training in the special preparation period and competition period.(2)The strength training methods adopted by the special strength training coaches of shortdistance speed skating events of outstanding young women in Jilin Province are flexible and changeable,and in the general preparation period,repetitive training and transformation training are the main methods;In the special preparation period,rapid interval training and transformation training are the main methods;During the ice-land combination period,rapid interval training and transformation training are the main methods;In the competition period,rapid interval training,transformation training and core strength training are the main methods.(3)The special strength training of young women’s short-distance speed skating in Jilin Province mainly consists of two parts: special speed training and special endurance training,among which the special strength endurance training is the most.In different stages,the general preparation stage is mainly composed of long-term sustained special strength content with lateral displacement training and aerobic energy supply;The content of long-term sustained special strength is mainly based on aerobic energy supply during the special preparation period;During the ice-land combination period,the content of neural response training is the main content;During the competition period,the content of improving nerve reaction ability and the content of short-interval special strength endurance with special acid resistance as the main energy supply by glycolysis are the main contents.Compared with Jilin women’s team,China’s elite young women’s team has more content of special strength training,and has increased the related content of core strength training.(4)The load characteristic of special strength training for short-distance speed skating events of outstanding young women in Jilin Province is to adhere to the annual cycle training mode,and the training cycle of load intensity is also different according to the time and stage.Generally,the preparation period is mainly special strength training with low intensity,moderate load,short interval time,few groups and many repetitions;In the special preparation stage,the special strength training with heavy load and high intensity is the main task,and the interval time is longer than the previous stage,with more groups and fewer repetitions;The iceland combination period is mainly high load,moderate intensity,moderate number of training groups and less repetition;During the competition period,the training with moderate load and low intensity,short interval between groups,moderate repetition and number of groups is the main training.The changes of load quantity and load intensity of China’s elite young women’s team and Jilin women’s team in each stage are consistent,and the overall load is stronger than that of Jilin women’s team.Therefore,this paper holds that the special strength training of Jilin excellent young women’s speed skating short-distance events still needs to be further optimized in the selection of training methods,training content and training load,so as to shorten the gap with Chinese excellent young women athletes.