Research On The Demand For The Elderly In Nursing Homes For The Elderly In Rural Areas Of Yuechi County

With the reform and opening up in the past 40 years,the life style is also changing,and the needs,services and consciousness of the elderly in rural areas have changed fundamentally.Since the implementation of the family planning policy in 1978,the number of young people in rural areas has decreased,and the intergenerational support of rural families for elderly care has weakened.Since the early 1990 s,a large number of rural labor population has flowed into the city,and the phenomenon of "hollowing out" in the countryside has become increasingly prominent.Under the circumstance that the traditional way of providing for the elderly cannot be continued,rural families are facing the transformation from relying on their children to relying on social institutions for the elderly.In the past 40 years,the establishment of local welfare homes at all levels,although well solved the rural five insurance elderly pension problems,but in the new period of the elderly homes face the pressure of social pension.The government should not only provide necessary human,financial and material support for the construction and operation of rural nursing homes,but also supervise and evaluate the correctness and effect of their elderly care services,so as to ensure the quality and quantity of rural elderly care services,so that the rural elderly can feel at ease in nursing homes.In this paper,the needs of the elderly nursing home in Yuechi County are taken as the entry point,and the research methods such as case analysis,direct observation,in-depth interview and questionnaire survey are adopted to investigate the needs of the elderly nursing home in Yuechi County.First of all,under the guidance of demand-related theories,this paper divides the needs of the elderly into normal life needs,improved life needs,aging facilities needs,medical care needs and spiritual comfort needs according to the 2006 Rural Five Guarantees Work Regulations and the psychological and physiological characteristics of the elderly.From the perspective of needs,this paper discusses the nursing home for the elderly and non-residents,and puts forward some thoughts on the socialized nursing home for the elderly.Secondly,the survey found that there is a supply and demand deviation in the nursing home of Yuechi County,which is mainly manifested as:(1)the shortage of professionals and the deviation in the demand for high-quality nursing home,the low pay in the nursing home,the high labor intensity and the difficulty in recruiting,and the elderly’s increasing demand for high-quality nursing home services.(2)There is a deviation between the limited service projects and the total project demand.While there are fewer pension projects,the total demand of the elderly for pension projects in nursing homes gradually increases.(3)There is a deviation between the supply of pension facilities and the actual demand of the elderly.The supply of government aging facilities is limited,while the elderly’s demand for aging facilities is increasing.(4)The deviation between the limited supply of financial funds and the demand for living materials,and the shortage of subsidies for the elderly in hospital restricts the growing demand for materials for the elderly.(5)There is a deviation between check-in conditions and check-in demand.There are restrictions on check-in conditions and limited coverage of objects,which restricts the elderly’s increasing check-in demand.According to the investigation cases and questionnaires,the reasons for the problems in nursing homes for the elderly are analyzed.The main reasons are:(1)the restriction of traditional nursing views.(2)There are shortcomings in the feedback mechanism of elderly care demand.(3)The pension management mechanism needs to be strengthened.(4)Lack of pension fund security mechanism.(5)The supervision mechanism of pension institutions is not smooth.Finally,based on the investigation of the elderly’s actual needs for nursing homes,this paper proposes to improve the level of nursing home services in Yuechi County from three levels:government,nursing homes and individuals.