Evaluation On Science And Technology Progress Contribution To Economic Growth In Xinjiang

To strengthen the implementation of science and technology and construct Xinjiang innovatively is a major strategic to Xinjiang’s development. Since the central work conference about Xinjiang 2010, Xinjiang further accelerate the pace of development. Although the investment in science and technology and ability of innovation has been significantly enhanced, economic growth is still at the initial stage, such as extensive growth, over reliance on investment and high proportion of resource junior development. There is a large gap compared to the national level in economic development and technological progress. In the background of construction of innovation country, Xinjiang is facing with greater pressure than other provinces when it relies on scientific and technological progress in the transformation of economic development mode.This paper aims at in-depth study the internal mechanism of the progress of science and technology to promote economic growth, analysis and comparison about effect of the progress of science and technology to economic growth from the broad and narrow sense, so as to find out the problems, reasons and corresponding solutions of Xinjiang scientific and technological progress and economic growth. First of all, the theoretical study was done about the relationship between scientific and technological progress and economic growth, the pathway of the progress of science and technology and the role in economic growth. The narrow sense theory and model of technical progress contribution rate was put forward from the point of view of output characteristics. The characteristic of contribution rate of scientific and technological progress index was evaluated comprehensively. Secondly, the characteristics and development status of Xinjiang were analyzed from the two aspects of economic growth and the progress of science and technology. The gray correlation analysis method was employed to analyze the Xinjiang science and technology progress and economic growth mechanism of interaction and interactive relationship, and to compare with the nationwide. Third, the empirical analysis includes science and technology progress contribution rate both board and narrow sense, respectively Xinjiang and national level. The reasons of the differences between Xinjiang and national were found out and the theories pathway to increase the contribution rate of scientific and technological progress was analyzed. Fourth, in the basis of theoretical and empirical research, policy measures to improve the contribution rate of science and technology were put forward.This paper draws the following main conclusions:1. In essence, the progress of science and technology is a kind of economic activity. To play the role of economic growth is the fundamental goal and the basic characteristics of the progress of science and technology. There is invalid if the progress of science and technology did not produce economic utility. Input-output effect and opportunity cost should be considered in carrying out scientific and technological progress. The progress of science and technology is the inner factor of economic growth. Correspondingly economic growth provides the endogenous power to the progress of science and technology.2. The progress of science and technology in narrow sense is the core of the progress of science and technology. The contribution rate of scientific and technological progress in the removal of other factors affecting economic growth becomes the TFP contribution rate. The phenomenon which expand the scale of production priority, then enhance the contribution rate of technological progress exists in the economic growth. The contribution rate of technological progress and economic growth may be not improved synchronization. However moderate in advance to improve the contribution rate of technological progress level is conducive to economic growth. To increase research and development funds, labor input and increase the output elasticity of factors will help to enhance the contribution rate of technological progress. Increasing R & D funding should be coordinated to R & D of labor, not blindly one-sided increase R & D investment.3. Scientific and technological progress of Xinjiang lags behind relatively compared with the national level. Mainly as follows: the proportion of R&D funds to GDP behind the nation for nearly 20 years; the strength of financial technology funding has been spending only about 30% of the country; in 2013 the per 10000 employment with R&D activity reduced the number of personnel is only 31% of the country; patent applications accepted less than 1/4 of the country; the per 10000 person years R&D staff have a number of invention patents behind the national level for nearly ten years; the innovation ability of the enterprises and the industrialization of new and high technology level in the following provinces. The R&D funds and personnel input is insufficient in the long term, R&D staff lack of innovation and vitality are the main reason of Xinjiang science and technology progress level with the national difference.4. There are close relationship between science and technology progress and economic growth in Xinjiang. R&D activity equivalent to full time personnel, R&D expenditures, expenditures for science and technology and patent applications, invention patents 5 indicators is a strong positive correlation to economic growth next year. These indicators growth can improve next year’s economic growth rate. Economic growth also shows the strong positive correlation to these indexes of the next year. Xinjiang science and technology innovation depend on technology introduction mainly, independent innovation, technology spillover to supplement. Lacking of capacity of independent innovation leads to many negative effects on the economic growth of Xinjiang.5. Both broad sense and narrow sense, the overall contribution to the progress of science and technology Xinjiang keep declining fluctuate in contrast to the country. The broad and narrow sense contribution of science and technology progress in Xinjiang 1991~ 2013 were 30.23% and 50.91% respectively, lower than the national 39.81% and 60.06%. The main reason is that, the rate of labor force growth and capital investment growth rate higher than the national, which pulled down the Xinjiang general scientific and technological progress contribution rate. R&D funding and personnel in Xinjiang lower than that of the national investment, which result in significant gaps between Xinjiang contribution rate of scientific and technological progress and the national. The broad contribution rate of science and technology progress is less than the narrow rate of scientific and technological progress means the effect of progress of science and technology to economy growth did not give full play and the potential in Xinjiang less than the national.This paper puts forward the following Suggestions:1. Strengthen the related work of scientific and technological progress. One is to strengthen the development and popularization applications of science and technology. The important work is to carry out scientific and technological innovation activities, improve the regional innovation system and strengthen the construction of science and technology personnel. Another is to improve the quality of the laborers, including strengthening the education career development and skills training for the labor force.2. Improve the environmental conditions of scientific and technological progress. Institutional environment which is helpful to scientific and technological progress should be established. To increase the investment of science and technology, improve the output efficiency of science and technology input and strengthen the creation and protection of intellectual property rights are effective measures.3. Optimize the configuration of industry factors. First, the structure of the labor proportion among three industries should be adjusted. Secondly, the investment of science and technology content should be improved. Thirdly, playing a good technology spillover effect from advanced enterprises and industries is important. Lastly, to promote the metabolism of enterprises can adjust the optimization of the structure of investment of Xinjiang’s capital.