A Comprehensive Study On Appositive Phrases In Modern Chinese

In modern Chinese,an apositive phrase is a kind of special one.The dissertation makes a description and an explanation of appositive phrases from multiple angles by using the three- level theory,markedness theory,anaphora theory and so on.The dissertation is composed of seven chapters.Chapter one is an introduction.The chapter mainly makes a brief introduction and comments on the names,concepts,structures,semantics,pragmatics and the existing problems of appositive phrases.Chapter two discusses an appositive phrase composed of two nouns.This type phrase consist of two nouns.The thesis mainly discusses the relations between the structural components and their restrictive conditions,and makes the following conclusions:The two nouns that compose an appositive phrase typifies the form of" a common noun+ a proper noun",base on the semantic relations between the superior concept and the inferior concept,and the relations are an entity of modification and coordinate.The appositive phrase with a prepositive superior word is not restricted by an entire expression, and it belongs to a static expression.The semantic relations between the former noun and the latter noun are an entity of modification and coordinate,modification demands there exist differences between the expression means of the two nouns which possess the same reference forms,and the coordinate demands the two nouns which refer to the same object possess the same reference form.The former noun in combination with the latter noun is very close in an appositive phrase with a postpositive superior word,which compose an entity,and belongs to a dynamic expression.The relations between them is mainly coordinate and modification,and some special forms also have a illustration relation.Chapter three discusses an appositive phrases composed of a noun and a pronoun.It typifies the form of " a pronoun + a noun".The chapter focuses on the conditions of which this type phrase is restricted by the deixis function and the anaphora function of the pronoun,which is the semantic basis of this type phrase.The semantic relations between a pronoun and a noun are the same as the semantic relations between two nouns.A pronoun and a noun constructs the form and the semantic relations of an appositive phrase.As well as the above,the chapter finds that the different forms composed of a noun refering to a person and a personal pronoun which refer to a same object are restrcited by semantic,grammar and pragmatics. Chapter four focuses on the appositive phrases with markedness.The chapter mainly discusses the appositive phrases with the three marks of deng(等),shuliang(数量),and zhe(这)or na(那). These marks have specific expression functions.The appositive phrases with measure words emphasizes counting,auxiliary pronoun "deng(deng)" means listing,and pronoun "zhe(这)or na(那)" emphasizes deixis.The appositive phrases with the three marks have the same semantic relations with " a noun +a noun "forms.Among the markedness phrases,the phrase with zhe(这) is the commonest, so the chapter discusses it.The emergence and ellipsis functions of zhe(这) can conform the former item from non-reference noun to reference noun,and make the large generality of the former noun become the small generality so that it can constructs an appositive phrase processsing an emphasis and deixis function with the latter item.The emergence and ellipsis of zhe(这) also has a close relation with style,syllable,pragmatics and so on.Chapter five focuses on the ways by which an appositive phrase is distinguished from a subject-predicate phrase,a coordinate phrase and a modifier-head phrase.Chapter six makes a comparison of an appositive phrase between Chinese and Vietnamese.The chapter finds that Chinese and Vietnamese both belong to the same language type and cultural circle, so the appositive phrase is alike except for slight differences in peoples' cultural psychology and the cognitive psychology in the two countries,which is embodied obviously in the "a noun+a noun" form and the " a noun +a pronoun" form.The reasons of the creation of the appositive phrase in the two languages are the basically same language type,cultural psychology and the cognitive psychology.Chapter seven is the conclusion.The chapter sums up the study thoughts and the process,the values and the contributions,the purposes and the significances,and at last points out the defects of the dissertation.Generally,the modern Chinese appositive phrases are restricted by syntactics,semantics and pragmatics,need analysing and studying synthetically from multiple angles.