Beijing, Minority Floating Population Management Mechanism

With the rapid economy growth due to the reform and open policy, the pace of the industrialization has been increased and the urbanization has been accelerated. These changes have broken the urban and rural barriers and driven the free movement of people, therefore pushing the further development of urbanization and stimulating the urban and rural economy growth. China is a united multinational country. A small portion of the floating population is ethnic minorities coming from regions with slow economy growth. Due to the difference in inherent ethnic custom, religious belief, living environment and language, the ethnic minorities have to face different social and psycho problems when moving into the cities. Thus, this condition urges the necessary of improvement of social management level in the city.Beijing is the capital of China. It poses itself as the political and economic center of China and international metropolis and then attracts more and more floating ethnic minorities to move into the city and become one of the major cities with ethnic inhabited areas. However, these floating ethnic minorities have faced a lot of social problems after moving into the city. They have the difficulties to adapt to the city life in both living and psycho aspects. As the same time, they can't enjoy the same benefits as the city dweller in the areas of interest distribution, basic protection of rights and interests, and basic public services. Sometimes they are improperly treated according to their ethnic custom and religious belief. It is important that ethnic related government department in Beijing take active and effective management measures to solve these issues, because it not only displays the management capability and level of our country but also demonstrates the comprehensive national power and development potential. Also it sets an example for the multi-nationality country and more importantly shows how to build democratic, equal, united and mutual helpful ethnic harmony in the city. Furthermore, it pushes forward the ethnic fusion and recognition and builds united ethnic harmony environment.This article studies the floating ethnic minorities in Beijing through empirical research, literature research, case study and questionnaire study. It first analyzes the basic condition for the floating ethnic minorities in Beijing and summarizes their population, ethnic composition and distribution, age, education and employment, character, floating reason and method, dilemma and the impacts on the Beijing. Then the guiding ideology for floating ethnic management, related government departments and their duties, corresponding policies and laws, and detail management methods and ideas are described and summarized. After that current management deficiencies of vacancies of management body, bad coordination between government departments, the lack of basic policies and regulations, simple management methods, laggard management philosophy and imbalance of public services supply have been identified. The reasons causing above problems are then analyzed. In objective aspects, there is naturally existing conflict between the ethnic customs and religious belief and market economy and secularization; ethnic minorities face discomfort after floating into the cities; the management is not easily adjusted to the change in the short time due to the existing management infrastructure. In subjective aspects, there is no management strategy; current management methods can't work well for the management of floating ethnic minorities; there is short of management experience about ethnic fusion for the cities manager. In the management aspects, the systematic management method is not established; the employment of network, information, database techniques falls behind; simple management, control and special care can't solve the problems. Then the city ethnic management experience of multinational United States of America, Canada and Singapore are summarized. After that the necessity of constructing management mechanism, the tendentiousness of related polices, the guidance of the population influx, the correctness of management philosophy and the independency of religious organization are discussed. Base on these information, establishing correct management philosophy, constructing management operating mechanism, drawing up related policies and laws and proper management methods are the basis for the fully constructing the management mechanism for the floating ethnic minorities in Beijing.Through the investigation of the management mechanism of floating ethnic minorities during the urbanization, the corresponding ideas to constructing the management mechanism of floating ethnic minorities are presented. It forms the basis to consolidate the united National consciousness, to promote the equal fusion of all nationalities and to realize the interest equalization of all nationalities. Furthermore, it promotes the common development and prosperousness and constructs the harmony and stable society environment.