Study On TGP Resettlement With Development And Sustainable Development

Three Gorges Project (TGP), attracting worldwide attention, has comprehensive benefits such as flood control, power generation and navigation etc., and occupies the non-fungible position in economic development in China. The huge benefit of TGP, however, would be gained at the price of very large inundation losses and difficult resettlement work. Successful TGP to a certain extent depends on proper resettlement of million relocates, and sustainable development of economy, society and environment in TGP reservoir area is closely associated with the resettlement.Based on existing experiences in resettlement at home and abroad, the concept of "oriented resettlement development" has been put forward by Chinese governments, and development of its theory is still in seeking stage. After research, the author deems that the core problem of the oriented resettlement development is to conduct the resettlement in development, and to seek to develop in resettlement. By means of compensation and input in advance, the mechanism of oriented resettlement development is started, with natural resources exploited reasonably, economy developed, and resettlement environment capacity extended, which provides the high-starting-point resettlement with excellent conditions, so that the living level of relocates reaches or exceeds that of them before resettlement as soon as possible.Implementation of the oriented resettlement development will bring inevitably some changes in economy and society and ecology in TGP reservoir area. Therefore, for this resettlement way, the resettlement must be brought into the sustainable development planning system of economy, society and environment in TGP reservoir area, so as to harmonize the resettlement with various developments in the reservoir area.Determination of the population capacity in the resettlement host area is a prerequisite for drawing out the resettlement planning and the development planning of society and economy in TGP reservoir area. For sustainable development, the resettlement population cannot make the total population in the host area exceed its population capacity threshold. Otherwise, the sustainable development will be harmed. In the light of natural environment features and economic development potential in TGP reservoir area, the support basis for sustainable development of society and economy in the reservoir area is the productivity of land. Therefore, the resettlement environment capacity measured by the production value of land is much conformity with features of population and economic structure in the reservoir area as well as orientation of the market economy value. Research results show that the existing population in the reservoir area has exceeded the population capacity of land, and its is very difficult that rural relocates all resettled in the reservoir area.The land-based agricultural resettlement is still a reliable resettlement approach for rural relocates, despite of the limited bearing capacity of land in the reservoir area. Thus, extending the resettlement environment capacity by fully and reasonably utilizing the land resources and developing the hill ecology agriculture has realistic significance for TGP resettlement.The resettlement compensation cost is the fundamental fund for relocates to rehabilitate the living and production systems, and is also the fund power of initiating the mechanism of the oriented resettlement development. Three Gorges Project has a very large inundation loss, and a wide variety of inundated items. Thus, smooth implementation of the resettlement to formulate fair and reasonable compensation standard and mode for it.The another deems that for implementation of the oriented resettlement development, a great variety compensation in advance and later helping as well as combination of non-gratuitous and gratuitous resettlement compensation investments must be adopted, because of inadequate economic strength of our country.Chinese resettlement experiences show that different resettlement modes will result in...