Town's Government Under Transforming Of Governance

As a whole, while the rural governance in China is transforming from 'society nationalization' to 'nation socialization', correspondingly, functions of township governments must change from 'government' to 'serving 'and from 'scooping'(rural resources) to 'supplying'(public goods),the author, thus, thinks of the function transformation of township governments as the sticking point of their reform. However, does the practical reform of township governments obey the head principle of function transformation? How to understand their realistic operation and practical development path? How to advance the township governments changing their functions? All these are issues concerned in this paper.In this Positive Study, however, we find the masterstroke which has traversed reform of township governments, is not function transformation which we claim, but 'efficiency first'. What is called 'efficiency first' refers to that stepping up government efficiency is put in the primary position during the reform and is the core issue around which other works are outspread. From the reform practices, 'efficiency first' principle not only clearly embodies organs simplifying and township repealing and merging with reducing the staff and expenses, but also is contained in the reform of leaders holding two cross positions (Jichaocha Renzhi), maintaining the affairs with the fund (Yiqianyangshi), county government administrating township finance (Xiangcai Xianguan) and being entrusted to spread government power (Weituo Kuoquan). The reform involved in the political level, such as leaders holding two positions and democratic election in the township governments, does de facto give priority to the principle of 'efficiency first'. This reform which is administrative self-reform is hard to touch the fundamental issue with exceeding the category of the administration system, and thus gets limited function change of township governments, although it promotes on a certain extent function transformation.Reviewing function transformation of township governments, there are lots of factors need to be counted, which has traversed from the nation, villagers and those interaction influences on their functions, benefit claiming of township governments and cadres, to their agent reaction to institution regulations and benefit demanding of the nation and villages and practical power structure township governments. Interaction of these factors determines the practical content and form of township function operation. Behaviors of township...