Impact Studies, To The Soviet Union To China's Socialist Construction

Sino-Soviet debate is a significant historical event in the international communist movement from 1950s to 1960s. It had a profound influence on the socialist developments of Soviet Union and China, the evolution of the international communist movement's pattern and the trend of world political and economic relations. As far as China is concerned, the times that the debate took place and developed, just fits with the period of all-around building Chinese socialism. Debate generated effects which can not be ignored on the selection of the path of China's socialist development, the judgment of CPC's historical position, the construction and development of the mainstream ideology and the formulation and adjustment of the domestic and foreign policies.It is of great significance to probe into the historical evolution and development law of China's socialist construction based on the perspective of studying Sino-Soviet debate. As to the theoretical sense, researching on the background, motivation, process, consequence, implication and many other issues of such debate will help us to accurately grasp the historical process of world socialist development and the evolution law of the international communist movement after the world warⅡ. It also helps us in-depth study a series of important theoretical and practical issues concerning the overall situation of socialist development. In addition, it helps us to deepen understanding of the law of the socialist construction and the building of the ruling party. In a practical sense, it is very necessary and realistic to sort out the process of Sino-Soviet debate by the height of the historical development and progress of the times, analyze the factors of the Soviet Union deeply for exploring the road of building socialism in China, make an objective comment on the main contents of the Sino-Soviet debate and systematically sum up the lessons and gain inspiration instead of repeating the mistakes of the past, which in order to better promote the immediate cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics.This dissertation adheres to materialist conception of history, dialectics and the principle of the unity of history and logic. The author uses the method of literature study and combines the research process of the Sino-Soviet dispute and the exploration of socialist construction's road in China. As far as the main study line, the dissertation pays attention to the influence of Sino-Soviet debate to China's socialist construction, in accordance with the sequence of "direct impact—indirect impact —long-term impact". The author attempts to build a logical analysis framework on deeply understanding and accurately grasping the law of development and historical evolution of China's socialist construction. The specific points in the study focus on solving the following problems : Firstly, the author sorts out the origin and development of Sino-Soviet debate basic context, explores the main causes of the Sino-Soviet polemics and clarifies the vague awareness of this issue and research bias. Secondly, the author inspects the direct impact of Sino-Soviet debate on fully exploring the road of socialist construction in China and specially reveals the positive and negative effects on the interaction of the "two decade". Thirdly, the author clarifies the indirect impact of Sino-Soviet debate on the opening road of socialism with Chinese characteristics and pays attention to our party's historic reflection on the debate's relative issues. Finally, the author sums up some lessons learned from the Sino-Soviet debate and the contemporary inspiration in order to use for reference of furthering the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics. The full text is divided into six parts which consist of an introduction, the body of four chapters and a conclusion.In the part of introduction the author firstly analyzes the current situation of the domestic and international studies on the issues related to Sino-Soviet debate in the academic circle. Then the author not only proposes the basic idea and method of the study, but also points out the theoretical and practical significances, major innovation and difficult points.Chapter one sorts out the basic context of the origin and development of Sino-Soviet debate. It reveals the cause of debate from far and near perspectives. Moreover, it points out that the debate took place under the profound historical background of the domestic and international situation, experienced a process of evolution from the internal exchange of views and arguments to make the differences in public, from mapping to large-scale attacking with name. The debate is a very complex historical phenomenon, which mixed multiple elements such as the subjective and objective, internal and external causes, history and reality constraints and so on.The second chapter studies the direct impact of Sino-Soviet debate on a comprehensive exploration of China's socialist construction's road. In this chapter, from multi-dimensional aspects such as the deviation of ideological construction, the tortuous exploration of economic model, the error of democracy, the transform of cultural construction and the adjustments of foreign policy, the author systematically discusses the real influence and restrict of the Sino-Soviet debate on Mao Zedong and CPC to approach the path and law of socialist development. Moreover, the author pays attention to internal relationship and interaction of the "two decade" between Sino-Soviet debate and China's overall construction of socialism. The author also indicates the positive and negative effects of the debate lies in breaking away the Soviet Union's superstition and control and disturbing the normal exploration process of building socialism in China.The third chapter discusses the indirect influence of the debate to open up the socialist road with Chinese characteristics. Sino-Soviet debate provides a historical basis for CPC to seek new ways of the development of socialism in China's reform and opening-up era. Through in-depth analysis of Deng Xiaoping's accurate positioning about the times and the theme of the times, re-interpreting the nature of socialism, profound explaining diversity of the socialist development model and rational choice about the ideology of "no argument", the author reveals re-examination and historical reflection of the issues related to Sino-Soviet debate in the new period of carrying out the party's reform and opening-up policies.Chapter four sets out the enlightenment of Sino-Soviet debate on building Chinese socialism with characteristics. From promoting the ideological construction, exploring socialist state relations and the mode of inter-party contacts, understanding and dealing with the system relation between Capitalism and Socialism to strengthening and improving the construction of the ruling party, the author not only makes a systematic summary of the experience of gains and losses on the debate, but also makes a profound analysis of the current significance and inspiration. In addition, this chapter provides several reform paths and special measures in order to avoid repeating the theoretical error and practical bias during the Sino-Soviet debate.The part of the conclusion makes an overall evaluation on the essence and historical influence of the debate and draws a brief summary of the historical probes and experiences around the theme——"What is socialism and how to build socialism". From the angle of methodology, the author puts forward a correct path to seek the truth.