| Occupational structure is an important component of employment structure, which is a reflection of social structure and an important index of modernization degree of a country and region. There is a transition from planned economy to market economy since the reform and openness. With the great achievements of aspects of economy & society, there are some great changes in occupational structure. The paper builds an analytical framework of occupational structure on the basis of some relevant basic theories and has a research on it. The author hopes to have a train of thoughts on occupational structure of our country.There is a summary including the theory of division of labor, occupation, occupation structure & transition of employment structure and a broad sense about occupational structure, which is the theory basis of the paper, at the beginning of the paper. The meaning of occupational structure is not only the quantity and proportion of labor force distribution on different occupations, but also the occupation education level, industry and space distribution and so on, which has a reflection of the distribution of labors with different skills within different occupations industries and areas.There is a close relationship between the occupational structure and industrial structure by way of the method of historical analysis. There is no occupation at the beginning of human society. With the development of division of labor, occupation is coming into being. With the triple big division of society, there are some different industries within distribution of labors, including not only productive labor such as agriculture and industry but also non-productive labor such as commerce and public management. The change of the occupational structure has been promoted extremely by Triple Industrial Revolution. It is indicated by historical analysis that there are changes in occupational structure with the upgrade of the industrial structure.There is an analytical framework of the occupational structure in the paper including the forming mechanism, influencing factors, transition mechanism, and the high level-rization and rationalization. Furthermore there is an theoretical analysis in detail about the effects of industrial structure, technological progress, human resource and institution on the occupational structure .The logical relation is as followed:(l) the demand of labor in the occupational structure is determined by the industrial demand;(2)the supply of labor has been provided by labor resource; (3)the distributions of labor on occupation are formed by the certain institution arrangement;(4) technological progress drives the development of occupation.According to the above analytical framework, the paper has an analysis of the occupational structure since 1978, which is indicated clearly that there some unique characteristics about the changes of the occupational structure in our country. Planned economy period occupational structure is comparatively unitary and structure alteration is less, therefore the occupational structure appears to administration-leading change pattern. In rotating process to market economy, the market-leading pattern is formed and the number and the distribution are different in every occupation. The number of employment especially in high-level occupation is increased obviously. During the course, there is a bigger gap in occupational structure compared with U.S., though the structure is developed to the higher level.The occupational structure as a social structure also should be the rationalization, namely conform to the social economy development requirement and advance the social development and economical growth under the certain time. Although there are many workers in the industries, the quantity and the quality is not fit to the industrial development at present. We should take some measures to advance the occupational structure, make full use of the human resource and promote the harmonious development of society and economy.
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