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Equality Issues Regarding The Competition Between Public And Private Universities In The Educational Market In China

Posted on:2008-06-13Degree:DoctorType:Dissertation
Country:ChinaCandidate:Y MaoFull Text:PDF
GTID:1117360242979164Subject:Higher Education
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Chinese private universities, at present, are a subordinate weak group, developed outside the established public higher education system, and their development depend on the competition equity between public and private universities. With the promulgation and implementation of the Law of Private Education and the Law and Implementation Bylaw of Private Education, our government has endowed the private universities with equal legal position from the angle of law. However, there are still problems to scrutinize, such as whether the competition equity between public and private universities has been fulfilled roundly or partially; in the development of higher education; whether there really exist competitions between public and private universities and in which aspects there exist competitions; what are the competition levels, concerning both range and degree. From this research, we hope to offer theoretical and practical proofs for the higher education policy makers to develop Chinese private higher education, and to construct equal competition environment for the development of private universities.This thesis analyzes equity issues of Chinese public and private universities from three aspects, including government sustentation, teacher resource and student source competition. The whole thesis consists of four parts:First, according to the educational equity theories, education equity should also include equity issues of rights and benefits in the main running body of both public and private universities, concerning teacher and student treatment, as well as government resources allotment etc. According to the competition theories, there is objective competition between public and private universities in the aspects of the government resources allotment and teacher and student treatment. It analyzes competition of the levels, ranges and degrees between public and private universities, and puts forward the connotation of competition equity between public and private universities.Second, by comparative analysis of the competition condition of public and private universities in the United States, Japan, the Taiwan area, private universities of USA are placed in inequitable competition condition in the aspect of the state and local governments' finance appropriate funds. With regard to teacher resource and student source competition, there is equal competition between the public and private universities with the same style and level. Japanese private universities have already been placed in relatively equal environment on the government budget allotment. In teacher resource competition, the governments all can treat public and private universities equally. Japanese government takes a different principle in the competition of recruiting students between public and private universities. Public and private universities are treated in a comparative equal sense in outlay distributing in the Taiwan area, and the government takes an equity principle in the competition of teachers and students. It is an evolving course from non-government-funding to government-funding scheme in Japan and the Taiwan area for private universities, and it is also a long process for the competition equity to come true between public and private universities.Third, According to the actual development conditions of private higher education in China, we divided the development of Chinese private higher education into three phases: "the initial stage", "establishment phase", "development stage". In different stages of development, it showed a different equity level in government subsidizes and in competition of recruiting teachers and students. And the competition of recruiting teachers and students shows difference in scope and degree. We analyze the equity status between public and private universities from the aspects of the national and local rules and regulations. The private universities have been differently treated in some aspects of the rules and regulations, but there is some convergence and difference in local rules and regulations. The article also analyses the competition equity of government subsidizes (land acquisition, government funding and bank loans) and recruiting teachers and students.Fourth, In order to analyze the actual situation of competition equity on government subsidizes and recruiting teachers and students, etc. We choose some public and private universities in Beijing, Xi'an, Xiamen, and Quangzhou to be regional cases to study. Our survey included the following aspects, such as land acquisition, funding, bank loans; teachers relocate, professional assessment and promotion, and social security, application process for research projects; enrollment of students, scholarship application, study loan application etc. From the survey results, the four cities show distinct difference implementing competition equity between public and private universities, but in some aspects, it shows convergence also.The paper's main conclusion is that educational market is an objective existence, in certain degree, it may be divided into a broad sense of educational market and a narrow sense of educational market. Because of resources scarcity, there is a competition characteristic among the university in educational market, thus causes a question of competition fairness in the government subsidization, as well as teacher and students source between the public university and the private university. The competition fairness between the public university and the private university in America, Japan and the Taiwan area has the characteristic of continuous evolvement, relative reality and reasonable safeguard. In China, the competition fairness between the public university and the private university has the characteristic of gradualness, displaying homoplasy and local differences at the same time. At present, in China, the competition extension is small, and the competition degree is low between the public university and the private university.
Keywords/Search Tags:Higher education, Public universities, Private universities, Educational market, Survey on regional cases
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