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Research On The Educational Resource Distribution Efficiency In China

Posted on:2009-02-13Degree:DoctorType:Dissertation
Country:ChinaCandidate:Y X GuoFull Text:PDF
GTID:1117360245964464Subject:Technical Economics and Management
Abstract/Summary:PDF Full Text Request
The facilitation to economic growth and even social development of education is much important to any country. In order to establish in an unassailable position in the international competition, a country must develop education in a more cost-effective manner. How to reach the maximum efficiency of educational resources disposition has to cause our thinking. As a kind of social economic activity, educational activities need to use resources like other activities. China is the biggest developing countries in the world, and it is the most populous country. As to huge demand, the rareness of any resource including educational resource behaves in China more obviously. To an undeveloped country, how to arrange rationally for the expenditure of originally very limited resources and improve the efficiency of educational resource distribution of educational resources seem particularly important.In economics, resources, also called factors of production, refer to all key elements that production need, usually include work, land and capital. Rareness is the most important characteristic of resource, i.e. within certain period, and compare with human need, the quantity of resources is insufficient. Educational resources are a general name of all factors of production needed in the educational field. In economic analysis, educational resources, which have the characteristic of rareness, do not have material difference with general economic resource.The intension of "educational resource distribution" should be understood from three aspects. First of all, the distribution of social total resources between the education department and others determine educational disposition scale of resource in education department, which can be defined as macroscopical disposition of educational resources. Secondly, the disposition among all types of education inside the education department and disposition among area of educational resource have determined the disposition structure of educational resources which can be defined as medium view disposition of educational resources. Finally, the disposition among different subjects of all types of education (including school, individual etc.) of educational resource formed the micro foundation that the educational resource macroscopic and China's view dispose, in fact determining the realization intensity of the goal of the educational resource macroscopic and medium view disposition, which can be defined as micro disposition of educational resources. The appraisal on the efficiency of educational resource distribution should proceed from economic angle, orient "efficiency" on "economic efficiency", and should follow the principle of "the margin is equal to" in the course of appraising.The macroscopical disposition of educational resources means the proportion of the social total resources put into the education department and other departments, whose efficiency can be weighed with educational facilitation to economic growth. The macroscopic educational resource disposition should reach the optimum conclusion when the marginal output of the investment in education department is equal to that make of the investment in other departments. The Chinese education resources do not realize optimal allocation in macro view. Compared with balanced state, the aggregate investment of Chinese education is too low.Educational resource medium view efficiency of disposition of educational resources can be studied in three views. When the marginal output of the input in education at all levels is equal to one another, the disposition of the educational resources among all levels should reach equilibrium. The educational resource disposition among all levels is not optimal. Compared with balanced state, the aggregate investment to higher education is too high, and that to compulsory education is too low. When the marginal output of all kinds of input in education is equal to each other, the disposition of the educational resources between vocational education and general education should reach equilibrium. Taking higher education stage as an example, the disposition of educational resources between vocational education and general education does not reach optimum at present in China. Compared with balanced state, the aggregate investment to general education is too high, and that to vocational education is too low. When educational funds per student by region are equal to one another, the disposition of educational resources among regions should reach equilibrium. The conclusion of the positive research indicates, the compulsory education resources in China have not realized optimal allocation among provinces, nor between urban and rural areas.The study of the micro disposition efficiency of Chinese education resources mainly goes on from two respects, such as the micro disposition of basic education resources and the micro disposition of higher education resource. Supreme efficiency can be get when rare high-quality education resources are distributed to individuals with high qualification and ability. There are loud efficiency lose in Chinese high-quality education resource distribution. Supreme efficiency can be get when rare higher education resources are distributed to individuals with high qualification and ability. There are loud efficiency lose in Chinese higher education resource distribution.Education has the function of social stratification which can allocate the human resources in the adult community. The government should consider both efficiency and fairness when the education resources are allocated. In the process of achieving the efficiency of macroscopical disposition of educational resources, the fairness of disposition of educational resources can be better realized. In this sense, the efficiency and fairness of disposition of educational resources can achieve the coordinated development. In the process of achieving the efficiency of medium view disposition and microscopical disposition of educational resources, some polices which increase the efficiency of disposition of educational resources can also promote the fairness of disposition of educational resources.According to the characteristics of U.S.A., Japan, Britain and German educational resource distribution, four countries are different in such aspects as political system and cultural tradition, the realistic state of educational resource distribution has a difference greatly too, but they all have high distribution efficiency of education resource, and have some common characteristics from which is worth drawing lessons. The governments of four countries all play a very big role in educational resource distribution. Four countries all have a number of reforms in the distribution of education resources. And the four countries all have a complete education legal system.In order to improve the efficiency of educational resource distribution in China, the government should take some policy measures. The government should increase investment in education, and guide private investment in education. The government should reform the financial system of the compulsory education to increase input in compulsory education, promote demand and supply of vocational education to bring about an advance in it, and improve the system of financial transfer payment in education to balance the regional level of education. In order to optimize high-quality resource allocation of the basic education, the government should improve to select school system, raise quality of education of weak school, and encourage entrance of private school. In order to improve the distribution system of higher education access, the government should delimit the planned enrolment figure in different areas of institution of higher education, standardize the relationship between government and university, and improve the independence of higher education institution. In addition to the policies described above, some supporting policies should be provided, such as improving the labor market and improving the legal system.
Keywords/Search Tags:Resource Distribution, Educational Resource, Distribution Efficiency, Education Fair
PDF Full Text Request
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