The Influence Of Investment In Education On The Transfer Of Rural Labor In The Process Of Urbanization

Urbanization is a road a country must take to achieve its economic development, and a theme of world economic development in the 21st century. Urbanization, a process of social economy in which people continually move from rural areas to cities, is specifically represented by the rural labor transfer, the expansion of urban area, and the popularization of urban civilization and way of life, etc. Judging from the profound connotation of urbanization, this process should also include changes of people's way of thinking, modes of production and life styles. Therefore, urbanization is a process of cultural accumulation, in which people's social ideology changes fundamentally and new systems are constantly created. As a higher form of the existence and development of human civilization, urbanization is not only reflected in areas of economy and architecture, but also in the degree of integration and promotion of people's lives in areas of culture, society and other levels of civilization. In other words, urbanization is not only the urbanization of matters and forms, but also of human and spirit. Therefore, we can say the important content of urbanization is human's further urbanization, which includes the population transfer between urban and rural areas as well as the rise in human resources capital. According to Black and Henderson, the level of urban human resources capital influences the productivity of urban enterprises, the rate of urban economic and population growth. Education, as a key factor in the increase of human resources capital, affects the whole process of urbanization by improving the quality and efficiency of rural labors transfer.In the next 50 years, urbanization will be the main trend of development in our country. It is predicted that about 60 to 70 million people will transfer from countryside to cities. But, currently, education in the rural areas of our country hasn't made a positive response to the urbanization, which is extremely unfavorable to its urbanization. Consequently, in this process we should increase the amount of investment in education, focus on improving the education level of rural adolescents and equipping them with corresponding labor skills and lay solid foundation for the transformation of rural labors into human resources capital.First, this paper discusses the development trend, state and the connotation of urbanization from the macroscopic perspective, emphasizes on analyzing the deeper meaning of urbanization:the speed and quality of urbanization depends on more stock of high-quality, high-skilled human resources capital, and the development of education will be the premise to realize all of these. The new requirements of urbanization put forwards new propositions for the development of education.Second, it studies, from micro perspective, how education investment will upgrade the quantity and structure of rural labors during the process of urbanization and the intrinsic mechanism of these relevant factors. By analyzing the relevant theories of human capital and education investment and investigating rural education investment, human capital accumulation, together with rural labor transfer, it is found that education investment, as a key factor of forming human capital, plays a decisive role in accumulating human capital. Through qualitative and quantitative analysis, the conclusion is drawn that human resources capital, the main source to boost economic development and investment in education will inevitably become an incubator of human resource capital.Third, the transfer of rural labors to non-agricultural industries in cities is an inevitable trend industrialization and modernization. The knowledge and skills that laborers have are the fundamental factors affecting the rural labor transfer. The level of human resources capital determines the quality and direction of rural labor transfer. Referring to the classical theories of rural labor transfer and the current situation of rural labor transfer in our country, the author makes a special analysis of the accelerating function of education investment in the process of rural labor transfer, which decides and affects the speed and quality of rural labor transfer and becomes the accelerator of it.Last, problems existing in rural education in the process of our country's urbanization together with the level of rural education affect the quantity and quality of rural labor transfer. This paper analyzes the relationship between education investment and human resources capital. After analyzing the various factors that influence rural labor transfer, a regression analysis model is constructed which takes the number of rural labor transfer as the dependent variable and several factors that influence the rural labor transfer variables. This paper studies and analyzes, with examples, the education investment and the basic features of rural labor transfer, and based on a large number of useful reference data, makes a liner regression analysis on the model. At the 5% significance level, it is concluded that only variable is the model of education level, through the model, the quantitative relationship between education level and transfer of rural labors can be verified and the general strategies and suggestions are put forward.