| Cultivated land resource which bearing national food security and ecological security function is a kind of quasi-public good. The public good attribute of farmland makes marginal private revenue which are the top-factor considered by stakeholders differ from marginal social revenue based on behavior trend and interests. In that case, private stakeholders are not willing to hold the responsibility of protection of farmland, while the mandatory policies of realistic society order individual farmers and local government bear most of the costs of cultivated land protection, which cause the unbalance between social injustice and interests.After making a comment on theoretical study of eco-compensation mechanism both at home and abroad, the paper constructs an eco- compensation mechanism of cultivated land with the principle of internalization of economic activity externality. In order to build up the mechanism, the paper uses theories including welfare economics, resources and environmental economics and ecological economics, then considers land optimal allocation and externality's solving scheme from the perspective of social justice and benefit equilibrium. Eco-compensation mechanism is to solve "free-rider" phenomenon of ecological product consumption free and to motivate the supply of public products in full, so ecological investors and protector can get a reasonable return. It can urge the welfare equilibrium of related interest groups, achieving a harmony between economic development and cultivated land resource protection goal.The paper tries to solve the core problem of cultivated land eco-compensation mechanism which is to quantify eco-compensation standard. It also provides a reference for construction of eco-compensation mechanism and determines reasonable compensation standards. According to the game of related interest groups, eco-compensation for cultivated land can be divided into the region internal eco-compensation and trans-regional eco-compensation. The compensation can solve protection costs, which undertake by farmers and local governments nowadays. On basis of it, the study elaborates basic principles, basic steps and calculating methods of contingent valuation method (CVM) and choice experiments (CE), taking Wuhan as an example, and tries to use CVM and CE to calculate cultivated land eco-compensation criteria. Through the questionnaire design and face to face interview to obtain data information which two methods require respectively, and to obtain the protection intend of citizens and farmers in Wuhan, through some econometric methods, the study assesses scientifically eco-compensation of cultivated land resource.In order to solve trans-regional cultivated land eco-compensation, some data are needed in each area, but the survey time and place are been restricted. So the study acquires some data by benefits transfer method. In the end, it gets some data of Xinzhou and Hannan. Corresponding, the research can obtain willingness to accept (WTA) and willingness to pay (WTP)of each area. According to intend between the internal providers and consumers, it can determine deficit and surplus of regional ecological services products.Based on the elaboration of theory and analysis of 856 questionnaires of citizens and farmers, the conclusions are as follows:(1) The paper analyses cognitive status of respondents about farmland ecological service and farmland protection policy. Although respondents have realized the importance of farmland ecosystem, they don't realize it enough due to the limitations of educational level, economic development level and traditional habits of cultivated land ecological services. In our survey, there are only 2.14% of respondents who know the cultivated land protect policy very well,57.25% of respondents know nothing about it.(2) Identification of main factors influencing respondents'willingness to protect cultivated land.Using the date collected by survey, we employ Logistic model as the measure to analyze influencing factors. According to the analyzing result, respondents' willingness has a strong relationship with their environmental awareness, farmland protection policy awareness and personal financial capability. Increase in the awareness of environment and the capacity of economic payment, the preference of protection farmland is enhanced.(3) Estimation of the quantity of cultivated land region internal eco-compensation based on different angles and different methods.â‘ Estimation cultivated land eco-compensation based on the external benefits of cultivated land. Use CVM to reveal WTP and WTA. According to the result by CVM, respondents' willingness to pay for farmland's positive externality is between 4183.35 and 9521.85 RMB/hm2. However it is between 4076.7 and 10556.25 RMB/hm2 for farmland's negative externality.â‘¡Estimation cultivated land eco-compensation based on the attributes of cultivated land protection. Use CE to assess value, which contain attributes of cultivated land protection (area, quality and ecological environment) and the various properties that all attributes combine. The result evaluates by CE shows that the eco-compensation should be between 1681.95 and 6766.05 RMB/hm2. In the end, we choose 4183.35-6766.05 RMB /hm2 or 4076.7-6766.05 RMB/hm2 as the elastic interval for eco-compensation.(4) Estimation of the quantity of cultivated land trans-regional eco-compensation.It is citizens and farmers who are the main consumers and suppliers of micro interests of cultivated land eco-compensation. Farmers are the object of cultivated land eco-compensation, who should receive compensation; however citizens are the subject of cultivated land eco-compensation, who should pay compensation. It is similar to the different hypothetical market of CVM-to pay or accept willingness. Therefore, on the basis of WTA and WTP of CVM, we can determine deficit and surplus to solve trans-regional eco-compensation problem. The research shows that central city of Wuhan should give Qiangxia district, Dongxihu district, Huangpi district, Caidian district, Xinzhou district, Hannan district eco-compensation amount for 121.8607 million RMB, 40.9212 million RMB,217.6924 million RMB,88.5608 million RMB,163.4888 million RMB,38.8328 million RMB respectively.
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