| As macro-control Organizer, the government have a responsibility to protect the low-income urban families'housing problems which can not be resolved by the market. Urban low-rent housing is that for the government to low-income urban families with rent subsidies or low rent allocated to the renter with social security the nature of ordinary housing. From July 1998, "the State Council on further deepening of the urban housing system reform and accelerated housing construction notice," the first time building for the lowest income families, the low-rent housing, national ministries and the local government introduced a series of urban low-rent housing security policies, effectively solve the urban lowest income families'housing problems and improve housing guarantee system has made great progress, But in building systems, financial and housing supply and so on, there are still some outstanding issues.At one hand, the government should shoulder the low-income urban family housing security responsibilities, should make the greatest efforts to promote the low-rent housing system, make more low-income families enjoy housing security policies. At the other hand, low-cost housing as a quasi-public goods, market demand is the main motive unlimited needs, and the main supply - the government does not have sufficient capacity and motivation to implement, there is always the"market default". Therefore, we must establish an appropriate level of low-rent housing security, the criteria for such standards, both towns to enable low-income families to enjoy the basic housing right of a fair opportunity, able to make low-rent housing security and the ability to supply the level of socioeconomic development agreement.This dissertation is divided into seven main chapters of following major elements: Chapter 1, prolegomenon. This chapter introduces the research background, significance, and defining the dissertation'main issues and the overall idea and the structure. This chapter clearly the main issues is from the micro and macro levels, from low-rent housing security absolute level and the low-cost housing security relative level, study how to identify and evaluate low-cost housing security level of moderation.Chapter 2, literature reviewed. As the dissertation presented earlier the concept of the level of low-rent housing security, the lack of relevant references. So this chapter study the theories of social security level, as well as housing security level, which to be as an important reference. This chapter compare a variety of domestic and international housing affordability evaluation methods what include index of PIR, RIR, housing consumption indicators, HAI, and residual income indicator. Ultimately We chose residual income indicator as a method of evaluation of the low-income urban families'housing affordability problems.Chapter 3, the low-income urban families'housing affordability problem evaluation model based on the residual income indicator. Low-income urban families'housing affordability problem is the core of the housing problem. Study of the low-income urban families'housing affordability problem is the premise and foundation to study the level of low-rent housing, This dissertation select residual income indicator approach as an evaluation of low-income families'housing affordability, construct the low-income urban families'housing affordability problem evaluation model based on the residual income indicator, to determine the scope of housing security, choice of housing security policy model and the identification of housing security level of payment to provide scientific basis.Chapter 4, research on moderation of low-rent housing security absolute level. Low-rent housing security absolute level measure the specific distribution of the effectiveness of specific standards of low-rent housing security expenditure. Based on the research of Chapter 3, from the appropriate scope of low-rent housing security, low-rent housing security expenditure patterns and the low-rent housing absolute guarantee payment of an appropriate level in three aspects, this chapter study moderation of the low-rent housing absolute level, and eventually proposed the principles and methods to the low-rent housing moderate absolute level.The principle of the low-rent housing moderate absolute level is that to ensure fairness, balance between efficiency, to ensure fairness principle is embodied in that the scope of security of equal opportunities and the protection of security expenditures fairness, balance between efficiency principle is embodied in the principle of promoting development without compromising the efficiency of the housing market. The evaluation on Shanghai low-rent housing security policies shows that policies narrow the scope of security, security expenditure patterns and the security level of payment relative to the appropriate.Chapter 5, the evolution of rental-support housing security policy. According to housing security methods, housing security policy can be divided into rental-support housing security policies and purchase-support housing security policies. Low-rent housing security policy is belong to rental-support housing security policies, this chapter study the evolution of rental-support housing security policies of the representative countries and regions, and review of the history of China's rental-support housing security policies, from the macro and historical perspective to explore the affect factor of housing security level. The internal evolution motivation of rental-support housing security policies can be attributed to the following three aspects: the development of security theories, the consistency of housing security policy model with the stage of socio-economic development and the differences of the government's housing policy position.Chapter 6, research on moderation of low-rent housing security relative level. Low-rent housing security relative level measure overall level of low-rent housing security expenditure. This chapter combine China's specific circumstances of urban low-rent housing security, set up the statistical indicator of urban low-rent housing security relative level, set up the statistical model of the main factors affecting low-rent housing security expenditure, according to the relevant data of the Ministry of Construction "the briefing of construction and implementation of urban low-rent housing security system " ([2006] NO.63), as well as the regional economic and social development, and minimum living family life protection, and other related statistics, make a statistical analysis, research the main affecting factors of low-rent housing security relative level, definitude the determination and controlling principle of moderate low-rent housing security relative level. The determination principle of moderate low-rent housing security relative level: maintain consistency to the level of socio-economic development, specifically manifested in the principle of periodical and the principle of geographical areas. The controlling principle of moderate low-rent housing security relative level: the key factor is the ability to control the supply factors and raising the government's attention.Chapter 7, conclusions and forecasts. This chapter sum up the dissertation contents, and prospect the follow-up study of the low-rent housing security level. The innovations of this dissertation are mainly in the following three aspects: First, this dissertation based on the theory of social security level, attempt to advance the concept of low-rent housing security level and quantified, put forward the determination principles and methods of low-rent housing security level, which can be used for reference of low-rent housing security policy.Second, low-income urban families'housing affordability problem is the core of the housing problem. Study of the low-income urban families'housing affordability problem is the premise and foundation to study the level of low-rent housing. This dissertation use abroad related research results for reference, firstly exert residual income indicator approach as an evaluation of low-income families'housing affordability, make the research of the housing problem of low-income urban family more scientific and rational.Third, this dissertation attempted to set up the statistical indicator of urban low-rent housing security relative level, and using of this indicator, priorly exert empirical research on the low-rent housing security implement conditions of all regions of the country. |
