Knowledge Workers Over Labor Theory And Empirical Research

Knowledge workers provide a timeout, super-strength of labor independently or passively caused by a combination of the external environment, including the social and economic development needs, cultural orientation, and social system, as well as the underlying causes, including the achievement motivation, personal characteristics, group characteristics, It makes a modest labor practices change into overwork practices, resulting in a series of negative consequences. These not only adversely affect the knowledge workers, but also directly lead to the sub-health for the workers, occupational burnout and other physical and mental condition mismatch. Long-term past, extremely there is "death from overwork (Karoshi)". If countries do not give the necessary attention and policy intervention, large-scale of "overwork death" will break out possibly, and do harm to the entire social and economic harmony, sustained and healthy development.Based on sorting out the overwork research achievements at home and abroad systematically, integrating "Time-Strength Statement" and "The Consequences Statement", the study put forward the connotation of the "excessive work" and its three constituent elements. As the starting point, build the overwork assessment system that includes two main dimensions:worker fatigue status and working state. Among them, the performance and measurement of fatigue status are divided into physical symptoms, mental symptoms and sensory symptoms of three aspects; the assessment of work state is divided into the length of working hours and labor intensity. Based on the two assessed dimensions and five assessed aspects, this dissertation builds up the assessment index system of excessive labor. Through the design of over-work state measurement scale, and refer to the standard that Japan's labor savings degree of fatigue measurement scales, that established a rating of excessive labor.From the theoretical level to analyze the essence of knowledge workers who are overworked, on that basis, attribute the group identity and the individual differences of knowledge workers, the employer incentives to the direct causes of the excessive labor, and analyze the deep-seated reasons from the lays of social cultural, social economy, social system etc. In order to open the "black box" of the happening and development problems of overwork to knowledge workers, the study based on the theoretical speculation combined with results of empirical research on knowledge workers in Beijing, built the knowledge worker model of the formation mechanism of overwork.As overwork of knowledge workers is a complex social phenomenon, thus prevention and intervention is a systematic project, needs an integrated, policy and organizational strategy and tactics to response systematically. This study considerate our own characteristics, establish and perfect the "three-tier overwork response model", the government or the whole society, the employer and the individual combine dynamically from three dimensions of overwork prevention, response and consequence management respectively to jointly cope with overwork that can not be ignored in our society at different levels and categories.